Oleochemical sources: basic science, processing and applications of oils

Bart, J. C. J.; Palmeri, Natale; Cavallaro, S.

doi:10.1533/9781845697761.62

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…This may demonstrate that the most active compound is contained in this fraction. Hexane is a non-polar solvent used for extracting cooking oil from canola, sunflower, and soybean [ 28 ], suggesting that the major active compounds of C. odorata may be the oils or essential oils. Shentode et al [ 29 ] reported that the hexane fraction separated from a crude methanol extract derived from C. odorata leaf was found to contain eugenol, copaene, caryophyllene, (−)-spathulenol, caryphyllene oxide, globulol, α-cadinal,1-hexadecanol, hexadecane, tridecane, tetracosane, pentadecanal, octadecanal, tetracosanol, and eicosane, while the volatile oil from C. odorata was found to contain trans -caryophyllene, δ -cadinene, α-copaene, caryophyllene oxide, germacrene-D, and α-humulene [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis

Poonpaiboonpipat

Krumsri

Kato‐Noguchi

2021

Plants

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The present study was aimed at investigating the allelopathic effects of a crude extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. (Siam weed). The effects of 70% crude ethanol extract from the whole plant, leaf, stem, and root on the germination and growth of Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis seedlings were evaluated using Petri-dish tests under laboratory conditions. Crude extracts from the leaf showed the highest inhibitory activity. The leaf extract (OR) was further separated by sequential solvent extraction to provide hexane (HX), ethyl acetate (ET), and butanol (BU) fractions, which were also evaluated using Petri-dish tests. The hexane fraction was significantly the most active; therefore, it was selected for formulation in a concentrated suspension and tested for its herbicidal characteristics. The formulation showed greater early post-emergence than post- and pre-emergence activities, respectively. The physiological mechanism of the formulation was tested against E. crus-galli and showed that chlorophyll a and b and the carotenoid contents of the leaf dramatically decreased when the concentration was increased, suggesting its ability to disrupt the process of photosynthesis. As thiobarbituric acid reactive substances also occurred in the leaf of E. crus-galli, this suggests lipid peroxidation and cell disruption. These results represent the possibility that C. odorata extract contains inhibitory compounds with herbicidal activity and could be used as an early post-emergence herbicide for weed control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis

Poonpaiboonpipat

Krumsri

Kato‐Noguchi

2021

Plants

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“…Natural Amazonian oils produced by these species have a unique composition, in addition to their physicochemical (Table 1) and nutraceutical properties (Table 2) and some polar minority compounds (Table 3) [1]. The research for new sources of vegetable oils has been of great interest in recent decades; not only for the food industry [68], but in the cosmetic industry, oils are used as humectants, emollients, emulsifiers, and viscosity adjusters [69]. Myristic, palmitic, stearic, linoleic, and linolenic acids are very common in certain types of cosmetics such as soaps and shampoos, while other fatty acids have rejuvenating or healing properties [70].…”

Section: Amazonian Oil and Their Use In The Formation Of Organogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Potential Use of Amazonian Oils in the Synthesis of Organogels for Cosmetic Application

et al. 2022

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New strategies for the delivery of bioactives in the deeper layers of the skin have been studied in recent years, using mainly natural ingredients. Among the strategies are organogels as a promising tool to load bioactives with different physicochemical characteristics, using vegetable oils. Studies have shown satisfactory skin permeation, good physicochemical stability mainly due to its three-dimensional structure, and controlled release using vegetable oils and low-molecular-weight organogelators. Within the universe of natural ingredients, vegetable oils, especially those from the Amazon, have a series of benefits and characteristics that make them unique compared to conventional oils. Several studies have shown that the use of Amazonian oils brings a series of benefits to the skin, among which are an emollient, moisturizing, and nourishing effect. This work shows a compilation of the main Amazonian oils and their nutraceutical and physicochemical characteristics together with the minority polar components, related to health benefits, and their possible effects on the synthesis of organogels for cosmetic purposes.

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“…Regarding temperature, in industrial practice is not used pure n-hexane, but a mixture of isomers in which n-hexane is dominant with a boiling point in the range of 67 to 69 • C [50]. Furthermore, the solvent is volatile and inflammable, and processes using it must follow specific health and safety regulations [51]. Hence, the desirable operation should not exceed 60 • C, to avoid excess vaporization of solvent, which may threaten the equipment integrity and increase the fire risk, in agreement with the temperatures used in oil extraction from seeds, which have a range between 50 and 60 • C [51].…”

Section: Optimal Extraction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Spent Coffee Grounds Oil Using Response Surface Methodology

et al. 2021

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Spent coffee grounds (SCGs) generated in coffee processing for beverages and other products are a very significant organic residue that needs to be properly treated. Waste valorization via oil extraction has the potential to obtain compounds that can be used for producing biodiesel or other high-value products, such as polymers. This work focuses on the ultrasound-assisted extraction of SCG oil using n-hexane as a solvent. Three key process parameters are analyzed: temperature, extraction time, and liquid/solid (L/S) rate of solvent, using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD), an analysis that, to the author’s knowledge, is not yet available in the literature. The data were analyzed using the software StatSoft STATISTICA 13.1 (TIBCO Software Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA). Results show that all parameters have a statistical influence on the process performance (p < 0.05), being the L/S ratio the most significant, followed by extraction time and temperature. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the empirical model is a good fit to the experimental data at a 95% confidence level. For the range of conditions considered in this work, the optimal operating conditions for obtaining an oil extraction yield in the range of 12 to 13%wt are a solvent L/S ratio of around 16 mL g−1, for a temperature in the range of 50 to 60 °C, and the longest contact time, limited by the process economics and health and safety issues and also, by the n-hexane boiling temperature.

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Oleochemical sources: basic science, processing and applications of oils

Cited by 6 publications

References 136 publications

Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis

Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis

A Review of Potential Use of Amazonian Oils in the Synthesis of Organogels for Cosmetic Application

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Spent Coffee Grounds Oil Using Response Surface Methodology

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