Oleosomas de semillas de <em>Jatropha curcas</em> L. como estimadores de diversidad en poblaciones del Sur de México

Abstract

SUMMARY:Seed oleosomes of Jatropha curcas L. as diversity estimators in populations of Southern Mexico. In this work, we used oleosome data to estimate the variability in eight J. curcas populations of Southern Mexico, using a multivariate approach. We found spherical oleosomes with diameters between 2.18 μm and 4.15 μm, which have two types of spatial arrangements: clustered and dispersed. A discriminant analysis showed that populations with more differentiation are Oaxaca and Veracruz, while Isthmus was the most diverse. The most informative variables for their contribution to the discriminant functions were oleosome size and number of oleosomes·μL of tissue −1. A heritability study with seeds harvested in two consecutive years showed that the variables oleosomes·μL of tissue −1 and oleosomes per cell have high broad sense heritabilities (h 2 bs =94.3% and h 2 bs =92.2%, respectively). A cluster analysis revealed high levels of dissimilarity between individuals. Correlation was found between the ratio oleosomes/tissue (volume/volume) and total oil content of the seed. The identification of genotypes with contrasting characteristics could provide the basis for future studies of the inheritance of characters in J. curcas. KEYWORDS: Diversity; Heritability; Jatropha; Oleosomes; Populations; Variability RESUMEN: Se estudiaron los caracteres de oleosomas de la planta para biocombustibles Jatropha curcas L. y se estimó la diversidad de ocho poblaciones del sur de México. Se encontraron oleosomas esféricos, con diámetros entre 2.18 μm y 4.15 μm, presentando dos tipos de arreglos espaciales: agrupados y dispersos. Un análisis discriminante mostró que las poblaciones más diferenciadas del resto son Oaxaca y Veracruz, mientras que Istmo fue la más diversa. Las variables más informativas por su contribución a las funciones discriminantes fueron tamaño de oleosoma y número de oleosomas·μL de tejido −1 . En un estudio de heredabilidad con semillas cosechadas en dos años consecutivos se encontró que las variables oleosomas·μL de tejido −1 y oleosomas por célula tienen muy altas heredabilidades en sentido amplio (h 2 bs =94.3% y h 2 bs =92.2%, respectivamente). Un análi-sis de conglomerados reveló altos niveles de disimilitud entre individuos. Los análisis de asociación de variables encontraron correlación entre la relación porcentual oleosomas/tejido (volumen/volumen) y el contenido total de aceite de la semilla.

A GIS Approach Land Suitability and Availability Analysis of Jatropha Curcas L. Growth in Mexico as a Potential Source for Biodiesel Production

“…Additionally, the map of Figure 5 shows a comparison between the land areas available pattern obtained for the scenario 1 and preexisting JCL plantations reported in different Mexican studies and located according to authors criteria in high suitable potential lands. We overlaid geographical points where it has been described that JCL grows; 406 points correspond to living fences, common gardens, plant nurseries and wild populations; 68 points correspond to experimental and commercial plantations; 306 points were none of the previous, and were located mainly in Baja California, Durango, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz and Yucatan [63,[71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78]. Based on our data and method applied it is detected that the JCL plantations could be relocated to medium available land areas.…”