Olfaction and Colour Vision: What Can They Tell Us about Parkinson’s Disease?

Dall'Antonia, Irene; Šonka, Karel; Dušek, Petr

doi:10.14712/23362936.2018.8

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Olfactory dysfunction has been incorporated both in Movement Disorder Society clinical diagnostic criteria for PD and research criteria for prodromal PD, demonstrating its role in the diagnosis and prediction of PD (5)(6)(7). PD-associated smell dysfunction involves several domains of odor perception, i.e., detection threshold, identification, discrimination, and memory (8)(9)(10). The structural changes in the olfactory bulb, neurotransmitter system dysfunction, and inflammatory activity in the brain are all possible mechanisms of olfactory impairment in PD (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Discriminative Power of Different Olfactory Domains in Parkinson's Disease

Zhao

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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Background and Purpose: Olfactory dysfunction is one of the most common non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) preceding the motor symptoms for years. This study aimed to evaluate different olfactory domains in PD patients in comparison with healthy controls and to explore the relationships among olfactory deficit and other clinical manifestations in patients with PD.Methods: Sniffin' Sticks test, which detects olfactory threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI), were conducted in 500 PD patients and 115 controls. Furthermore, demographic and clinical data including motor and other non-motor symptoms were collected. Results:In the single olfactory model, the identification test showed the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC = 0.818), followed by threshold test (AUC = 0.731) and discrimination test (AUC = 0.723). Specifically, the identification test has a similar discriminative power as the TDI score (0.818 and 0.828, respectively, p = 0.481). In the integrated olfactory model involved with other non-motor manifestations, identification test scores performed as good as the TDI score in differentiating PD patients from controls (0.916 and 0.918, respectively, p = 0.797). In PD patients, age and cognition together explained 7.5% of the variance of the threshold score, while age, cognition, and gender accounted for the 15.2% explained variance of the discrimination score, while cognition, age, the ability of daily living, and gender together interpreted 11.1% of the variance of the identification score. Conclusion:Our results indicated that the identification domain was the most practical olfactory factor in differentiating PD patients, and the combination of several different manifestations was better than a single symptom. Furthermore, the olfactory identification score may be associated with the ability of daily living.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Discriminative Power of Different Olfactory Domains in Parkinson's Disease

Zhao

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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“…The clinical prevalence of hyposmia is as high as 90% and can manifest 20 years prior to diagnosis [ 197 ]. In the current review, olfactory dysfunction mimicking clinical observations was identified in just under half of PD mouse models, with 4 of them showing inconsistent findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Well Do Rodent Models of Parkinson’s Disease Recapitulate Early Non-Motor Phenotypes? A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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The prodromal phase of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterised by many non-motor symptoms, and these have recently been posited to be predictive of later diagnosis. Genetic rodent models can develop non-motor phenotypes, providing tools to identify mechanisms underlying the early development of PD. However, it is not yet clear how reproducible non-motor phenotypes are amongst genetic PD rodent models, whether phenotypes are age-dependent, and the translatability of these phenotypes has yet to be explored. A systematic literature search was conducted on studies using genetic PD rodent models to investigate non-motor phenotypes; cognition, anxiety/depressive-like behaviour, gastrointestinal (GI) function, olfaction, circadian rhythm, cardiovascular and urinary function. In total, 51 genetic models of PD across 150 studies were identified. We found outcomes of most phenotypes were inconclusive due to inadequate studies, assessment at different ages, or variation in experimental and environmental factors. GI dysfunction was the most reproducible phenotype across all genetic rodent models. The mouse model harbouring mutant A53T, and the wild-type hα-syn overexpression (OE) model recapitulated the majority of phenotypes, albeit did not reliably produce concurrent motor deficits and nigral cell loss. Furthermore, animal models displayed different phenotypic profiles, reflecting the distinct genetic risk factors and heterogeneity of disease mechanisms. Currently, the inconsistent phenotypes within rodent models pose a challenge in the translatability and usefulness for further biomechanistic investigations. This review highlights opportunities to improve phenotype reproducibility with an emphasis on phenotypic assay choice and robust experimental design.

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Olfaction and Health

Herz

2021

Olfaction: An Interdisciplinary Perspective From Philosophy to Life Sciences

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Olfaction and Colour Vision: What Can They Tell Us about Parkinson’s Disease?

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

The Discriminative Power of Different Olfactory Domains in Parkinson's Disease

The Discriminative Power of Different Olfactory Domains in Parkinson's Disease

How Well Do Rodent Models of Parkinson’s Disease Recapitulate Early Non-Motor Phenotypes? A Systematic Review

Olfaction and Health

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