Olfactory-induced brain activity in Parkinson's disease relates to the expression of event-related potentials: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Welge‐Lüssen, Antje; Wattendorf, Elise; Schwerdtfeger, U.; Fuhr, Peter; Bilecen, Deniz; Hummel, Thomas; Westermann, Birgit

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.04.050

Cited by 58 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Results from postmortem studies revealed pathological changes (Lewy body formation) in the olfactory bulb (Huisman et al, 2008) but also in other brain regions related to olfaction, such as the anterior olfactory nucleus (Pearce et al, 1995), the piriform cortex (Braak et al, 2003;Silveira-Moriyama et al, 2009), the amygdaloid complex (Harding et al, 2002;Braak et al, 2003), the entorhinal cortex, and the hippocampal formation (Braak et al, 2003). Using functional magnetic resonance imaging in PD patients, our previous findings indicated altered neuronal activity in the amygdaloid complex and hippocampal formation during olfactory stimulation (Westermann et al, 2008;Welge-Lüssen et al, 2009). On this basis, we hypothesized that pathophysiology of olfaction in PD is associated with structural abnormalities, for instance with regional atrophy in brain regions involved in olfaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Olfactory Impairment Predicts Brain Atrophy in Parkinson's Disease: Figure 1.

Wattendorf¹,

Welge‐Lüssen²,

Fiedler³

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

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141

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Olfactory dysfunction is a frequent nonmotor symptom in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and may be considered as an early clinical feature of the disease preceding motor symptoms by years. According to recent neuropathological staging concepts, impaired olfaction is assumed to indicate an early pathological process and might be associated with structural changes in the brain. A morphometric analysis of magnetic resonance images [voxel-based morphometry (VBM)] was used to investigate gray matter atrophy related to psychophysically measured scores of olfactory function in early PD patients (n ϭ 15, median Hoehn and Yahr stage 1.5), moderately advanced PD patients (n ϭ 12, median Hoehn and Yahr stage 2.5), and age-matched healthy controls (n ϭ 17). In PD patients, but not in controls, cortical atrophy in olfactory-related brain regions correlated specifically with olfactory dysfunction. Positive correlations between olfactory performance and gray matter volume were observed in the right piriform cortex in early PD patients and in the right amygdala in moderately advanced patients. The results provided first evidence that olfactory dysfunction in PD is related to atrophy in olfactory-eloquent regions of the limbic and paralimbic cortex. In addition, olfactory-correlated atrophy in these brain regions is consistent with the assumption that olfactory impairment as an early symptom of PD is likely to be associated with extranigral pathology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Olfactory Impairment Predicts Brain Atrophy in Parkinson's Disease: Figure 1.

Wattendorf¹,

Welge‐Lüssen²,

Fiedler³

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

Self Cite

141

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“…Lewy body pathology in brain areas related to olfaction implicates that olfactory system may be an ‘induction’ site of Lewy pathology [3,9,10,11,12,13], and, therefore, the change of olfaction-related structures might exist in the premotor phase of PD. Changes in olfaction-related structures in PD were confirmed by pathological [11,12] and neuroimaging studies [14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Correlation between Progressive Changes in Piriform Cortex and Olfactory Performance in Early Parkinson’s Disease

Wu¹,

Chen²,

Fan³

et al. 2011

Eur Neurol

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Objectives: The mechanism underlying olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unknown. The current study aims to investigate the relationship between sequential changes of volume change of cortex associated with olfactory function and degree of deficiency of olfactory performance in PD. Methods: Based on the arbitrary cut-off score of olfactory performance measured by ‘five odors olfactory detection arrays’, subjects were classified into three groups: PD patients with olfactory impairment (OPD, n = 12), PD without olfactory impairment (NPD, n = 14), and healthy controls without olfactory impairment (NC, n = 26). A morphometric analysis of magnetic resonance images (voxel-based morphometry; VBM) was used to investigate cortical volume change. Results: The scores of olfactory performance were higher in both NPD and OPD groups than in the NC group independent of age and disease duration, indicating that NPD subjects did have board line deficiency of olfaction though not meet the cut-off score for abnormal olfactory function. Both NPD and OPD had cortical atrophy in the parahippocampal gyrus (PCG), but only OPD also had change in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Correlation analysis revealed that decrement of volumes of PCG and right OFC was associated with decreased olfactory detection sensitivity, and the right OFC was also correlated to olfactory identification. However, no correlation was found between structural changes and the severity of the disease measured by UPDRS score. Conclusions: The results confirmed that atrophy in piriform cortex and orbitofrontal cortex is associated with olfactory dysfunction in early PD. Atrophy of the orbitofrontal cortex becomes significant as olfactory damage progresses. Volume measurement of olfaction-associated areas together with the assessment of olfactory function may be a sensitive indicator for the early diagnosis of PD.

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“…Indeed atrophy in olfactory regions of the limbic and paralimbic cortex in early PD patients was found ). Moreover fMRI in PD patients indicated altered neuronal activity in the amygdaloid complex and hippocampal formation during olfactory stimulation (Takeda et al, 2010;Welge-Lüssen et al, 2009;Westermann et al, 2008). In addition, neuronal activity in components of cortico-striatal loops appears to be up-regulated indicating compensatory processes involving the dopaminergic system (Westermann et al, 2008).…”

Section: Olfactory Dysfunction As a Early Diagnostic Marker For Parkimentioning

confidence: 98%