2023
DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02837-5
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Oligodendrocyte precursor cells: the multitaskers in the brain

Abstract: In the central nervous system, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are recognized as the progenitors responsible for the generation of oligodendrocytes, which play a critical role in myelination. Extensive research has shed light on the mechanisms underlying OPC proliferation and differentiation into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes. However, recent advances in the field have revealed that OPCs have multiple functions beyond their role as progenitors, exerting control over neural circuits and brain fu… Show more

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Cited by 20 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…Although neuronal loss is a primary hallmark of AD, glia are important for maintaining brain homeostasis and neuronal health through interactions with neuronal cell populations [3][4][5][6]. For example, astrocytes provide metabolic and nutritional support [7,8], oligodendrocytes myelinate neuronal axons [9], microglia respond to injury affecting neuronal function [11][12][13], and OPCs make direct contact with neuronal synapses [10]. Consistent with previous studies [29,30], our JI analyses of ligands, receptors, and targets confirmed that interactions between glia and neurons are altered in a cell-type-specific manner in AD.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Although neuronal loss is a primary hallmark of AD, glia are important for maintaining brain homeostasis and neuronal health through interactions with neuronal cell populations [3][4][5][6]. For example, astrocytes provide metabolic and nutritional support [7,8], oligodendrocytes myelinate neuronal axons [9], microglia respond to injury affecting neuronal function [11][12][13], and OPCs make direct contact with neuronal synapses [10]. Consistent with previous studies [29,30], our JI analyses of ligands, receptors, and targets confirmed that interactions between glia and neurons are altered in a cell-type-specific manner in AD.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, astrocytes provide metabolic and nutritional support to neurons, while oligodendrocytes are responsible for neuron axon myelination [7][8][9]. Additionally, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are in direct contact with neuronal synapses, and signaling between OPCs and other cell types, including glia and endothelial cells, has been previously indicated [10]. Microglia, as the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), release cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in response to injury, which influence the synaptic activity of neurons [11][12][13].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since OPCs sense neuronal activity 10,14 , we then further investigated whether such contact is related to neuronal activity. Distinguishing between active and less/non-active neurons based on immunoreactivity to cFos (Fig.…”
Section: Opc Processes Contacted Neuronal Somata With a Preference Fo...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…OPCs also respond to neuronal activity through the expression of glutamatergic and GABAergic receptors 6,7 on post-synaptic terminals 8,9 . While conventional understanding describes OPCs forming classical post-synapses, recent studies unveil diverse pathways for OPC-neuron interactions, particularly between OPC processes and neurons 10 , including GABA release to neurons in the hippocampus via synaptic complexes 11 , synaptic pruning by phagocytosing axonal terminals during development 12 , and putative modulation of action potential propagation through contacts at the nodes of Ranvier 13 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This ongoing generation of OLs from OPCs, which are ubiquitously present within the adult brain and spinal cord, is essential for sustaining neural circuitry's efficiency and plasticity [10][11][12]. These processes are sensitive to a myriad of internal and external stimuli, thereby facilitating adaptive responses to neuronal activity and compensating for myelin loss due to injury or disease [13][14][15]. OLs originate from OPCs through a regulated differentiation pathway, ensuring a balance between the production of new OLs and the preservation of the OPC pool for future needs [16][17][18].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%