Oligomerisierung von n-Butenen

Nickel Catalyzed Olefin Oligomerization and Dimerization

“…In the 80's, the German-American companies Hüls and UOP developed a nickel-heterogeneous catalytic system, industrialized in 1983 in Marl, Germany. 35 This process entered the literature as the OCTOL process, 36 designed to produce low branching octenes from butenes for their subsequent use in hydroformylation (phthalate plasticizers manufacture). It is reported that a second unit was licensed in Japan in 1986 using butenes as a feed from FCC (GSK General Sekiyu Refineries, 45 ktpy of octenes).…”

“…For chemical applications demanding a more linear octenes cut before hydroformylation reaction, the Octol B version is preferred. The main characteristics of nbutene oligomerization process and catalyst optimizations dedicated to industrial implementation are summarized well in a review by Wendt et al 36 Inspired by the sulfuration technique claimed by Shell, Gulf synthesized properly sulfided nickelsubstituted mica-montmorillonite as the active catalyst for oligomerizing C 3 and C 4 olefins to fuelrange products from gasoline to jet-fuel. 293 An original example has very recently been described by Shin et al 294 with amorphous aluminosilicates as a support for nickel phosphide Ni 2 P, aiming to mimic the homogeneous SHOP process which uses (P,O)-type ligands on nickel for full-range synthesis of -olefins.…”

Untersuchung der Sorption und Reaktion von 1‐Buten an einem technischen VOx‐TiO2‐Katalysator

“…Bei den Adsorptionsuntersuchungen im geschlossenen Autoklavensystem wurde beobachtet, dass die zur Gleichgewichtseinstellung [25,28]. Die höhermolekularen Kohlenwasserstoffe bedecken aktive Zentren auf der Katalysatoroberfläche und führen zur Katalysatordesaktivierung bei der Isomerisierung von 1-Buten bzw.…”

“…Für die mathematische Beschreibung des Reaktionsablaufes sind neben Kenntnissen reaktionskinetischer Parameter auch die von Adsorptionsund Desorptionsprozessen erforderlich. [25,28]. Die höhermoleku-laren Kohlenwasserstoffe bedecken aktive Zentren auf der Katalysatoroberfläche und führen zur Katalysatordesaktivierung bei der Isomerisierung von 1-Buten bzw.…”

Influence of Remaining Acid Sites of an Amorphous Aluminosilicate on the Oligomerization of n-Butenes after Impregnation with Nickel Ions

“…This necessarily leads to a competition between acid-catalyzed and nickel-catalyzed conversion of n-butenes. In respect to the optimization of heterogeneous catalysts for the OCTOL process, both the amount of nickel and the Ni/Al ratio were increased with each catalyst generation, which led to enhanced yields of linear octene isomers [25]. Accordingly, the increased amount of nickel minimizes the acid-catalyzed conversion of n-butenes, but it cannot be suppressed completely.…”