“…Interest in the development of fast and reliable sequence-specific DNA biosensors has grown tremendously over the past few years, fueled by the significant advantages that they could provide in various fields such as the diagnosis of infections, , the identification of genetic modifications, forensic analysis, and proteomic investigations. , Because the amount of DNA material to be detected is often extremely small, the need for a detection scheme capable of transducing the hybridization event with sufficient sensitivity has led to the investigation of a number of sensitive approaches based mostly on optical, ,− electrochemical, − or magnetoresistive , detection. Relatively few of these methods, however, offer the simultaneous advantages of rapidity, simplicity, specificity, and detection sensitivity without the use of chemical tagging of the DNA target or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, which increase the assay's turnaround time and may limit quantitative analysis.…”