Olive oil industry: a review of waste stream composition, environmental impacts, and energy valorization paths

Dahdouh, Akram; Khay, Ismail; Brech, Yann Le; Maâkoul, Anas El; Bakhouya, Mohamed

doi:10.1007/s11356-023-25867-z

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…They possess significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulant activities, making them appealing for applications in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and wastewater treatment (Gullon et al, 2020). Nonetheless, the complex composition of OMW and its potential environmental impact present challenges in its proper management and disposal (Dahdouh et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Storage Duration on Polyphenolic Composition, Biological Activities, and Biodegradation of Olive Mill Wastewater

Gueboudji,

Kadi,

Nagaz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This study investigated the impact of storage duration on olive mill wastewater (OMW) quality and biological properties. Among two various olive varieties, Abani exhibited the highest phenolic compound concentration after 12 months of storage. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis identified 28 OMW constituents, with kampherol as the major one, and rosmarinic acid detected for the first time. Results showed significant differences in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities among samples. The inhibition of protein denaturation (IPD) test yielded the best value after 1 month for Abani OMW, while membrane-stabilizing potential (MSP) test values were highest after 12 months for the same variety. Anticoagulant activity, measured by activating partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT), significantly varied with storage time, with the most favorable values found in Zlitni OMW immediately after olive oil extraction. These findings illuminate OMW changes over time, bearing significance for OMW management and potential applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Storage Duration on Polyphenolic Composition, Biological Activities, and Biodegradation of Olive Mill Wastewater

Gueboudji,

Kadi,

Nagaz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The olive oil sector is one of the most important socioeconomic activities in the Mediterranean region (Dahdouh et al 2023), whose production has tripled since 1960, reaching about 3 × 10 6 tons in the 2021-2022 season, representing more than 90% of world production. Spain, Italy, and Tunisia are the main producers of olive oil, accounting for 42.9%, 10.2%, and 7.7% of world production, respectively (International Olive Council 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spain, Italy, and Tunisia are the main producers of olive oil, accounting for 42.9%, 10.2%, and 7.7% of world production, respectively (International Olive Council 2022). Three methods are used in olive oil extraction: the traditional press, the three-stage method, and the two-stage centrifugation method (Dahdouh et al 2023). The use of the traditional method has declined and has been replaced by the three-stage and the two-stage continuous extraction methods, which use a centrifuge to separate solid from liquid streams (Dahdouh et al 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three methods are used in olive oil extraction: the traditional press, the three-stage method, and the two-stage centrifugation method (Dahdouh et al 2023). The use of the traditional method has declined and has been replaced by the three-stage and the two-stage continuous extraction methods, which use a centrifuge to separate solid from liquid streams (Dahdouh et al 2023). The two-stage centrifugation system has become the predominant system used for olive oil extraction in many countries (Alburquerque et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it generates a large amount of semi-solid waste known as alperujo, which is a mixture of plant water, peels, pulp, and pits of olives and represents 80% of processed olives (Marcos et al 2019). This waste is characterized by high acidity, phenolic components, and sulfur dioxide emissions that damage soil structure, reduce soil microbial population and plant performance, contaminate water resources, and generate undesirable odors (Alburquerque et al 2004;Moreno-Maroto et al 2019;Dahdouh et al 2023). Therefore, the appropriate Responsible Editor: Ta Yeong Wu recycling process for this waste represents an economic and environmental challenge for the sustainable development of the olive oil sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioconversion of alperujo into an alternative feed for ruminants by pretreatment with live yeasts and/or exogenous fibrolytic enzymes

Abid

Jabri

Yaich

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Extraction of olive oil through a two-stage centrifugation process produces a large amount of phytotoxic waste known as alperujo. This research was performed to bioconvert alperujo into enriched ruminant feed by pretreatment with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) or/and live yeasts (LY). These additives were used in a completely randomized design with 3 EFE doses (0, 4, and 8 µl/g dry matter) and 3 LY doses (0, 4, and 8 mg/g dry matter) in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Fermented alperujo with both EFE doses converted some of their hemicellulose and cellulose to simple sugars and increased bacterial abundance in the rumen. As a result, it shortens the lag time of rumen fermentation, increases the rate and amount of rumen fermentation, and improves digestibility. This improvement provides additional energy that can be used by ruminants to produce milk and by rumen microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids. Fermented alperujo with a high dose of LY decreased their antinutritional compounds and reduced their high content of lipid. In the rumen, this waste became rapidly fermentable, and rumen bacteria became more abundance. Fermented alperujo with a high dose of LY + EFE accelerated rumen fermentation and improved rumen digestibility, energy available for milk production, and short-chain fatty acids compared to the use of LY or EFE alone. This synergistic interaction between these two additives increased protozoa abundance in rumen and the ability of rumen microbiota to bioconvert ammonia–nitrogen to microbial protein. Ultimately, fermentation alperujo with EFE + LY is a good strategy with minimum investment for a social sustainable economy and environment.

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Sustainable Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol from Olive Leaves Based on a Nature‐Inspired Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES)

Messa,

Giotta,

Troisi

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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Within the circular economy framework, the valorisation of olive leaves as an effective source of organic compounds rather than an agricultural waste, represents a great opportunity. Olive leaves contain bioactive polyphenols, such as the health‐enhancing catechol hydroxytyrosol (HT), derived primarily from oleuropein. This study establishes a novel and sustainable approach for the extraction of HT from olive leaves, utilizing eco‐friendly deep eutectic solvents derived from natural sources (NADES). By optimizing the extraction process, the study highlights the efficacy of the eutectic mixture cholinium/glycerol (1:2 mol/mol) in achieving HT‐rich extracts from olive leaves (0.12 ± 0.03 g HT/g of dry extract). Indeed, the method demonstrates a remarkable yield of HT, reaching 12.3 ± 0.9 g/kg of leaf powder, under optimized conditions. The antioxidant properties of the extract are thoroughly assessed, suggesting its potential health benefits. Significantly, the study underscores the scalability of the extraction method, showcasing its viability for large‐scale production while maintaining excellent outcomes. Furthermore, the sustainability of the extraction method is boosted by the reuse of NADES across multiple extraction cycles, enhancing resource efficiency and reducing environmental impact. This research unlocks the potential of olive leaves as a valuable source of bioactive compounds and outlines a sustainable extraction approach aligning with the principles of the circular economy.

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Olive oil industry: a review of waste stream composition, environmental impacts, and energy valorization paths

Cited by 15 publications

References 165 publications

Impact of Storage Duration on Polyphenolic Composition, Biological Activities, and Biodegradation of Olive Mill Wastewater

Impact of Storage Duration on Polyphenolic Composition, Biological Activities, and Biodegradation of Olive Mill Wastewater

Bioconversion of alperujo into an alternative feed for ruminants by pretreatment with live yeasts and/or exogenous fibrolytic enzymes

Sustainable Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol from Olive Leaves Based on a Nature‐Inspired Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES)

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