Omega‐3 fatty acid regulates inflammatory cytokine/mediator messenger RNA expression in Porphyromonas gingivalis‐induced experimental periodontal disease

Abstract

These findings suggest that diets enriched for omega-3 FA modulate the local gingival inflammatory milieu of the host following oral P. gingivalis infection, which impacts on alveolar bone resorption in rats.

A Model for Chronic Mucosal Inflammation in IBD and Periodontitis

“…Indeed, TNBS and DSS-induced inflammatory diseases utilize the murine natural microbiota and implement a reproducible model of a chronic inflammatory lesion of gut mucosal surfaces [3,28,29]. Various rodent models have also been used to evaluate the clinical, microbiological, and immunological aspects of periodontitis mimicking features of human disease [5,13]. Substantial evidence in IBD patients and models [1][2][3] and more limited data in periodontitis [4][5][6][7] suggest similarities in the underlying inflammatory mechanisms resulting in these mucosal diseases.…”

“…This response generates an array of oxygen radicals leading to inflammation, soft and hard tissue destruction, and loss of function, as noted in inflammatory bowel disease [1][2][3] and periodontitis [4][5][6][7][8][9]. In both IBD and periodontitis, PMNs release destructive ROS, e.g.…”

“…In both IBD and periodontitis, PMNs release destructive ROS, e.g. superoxide, via the respiratory burst [4][5][6], proteinases, and other mediators that can damage host tissues [7,[10][11][12]. These molecules induce oxidative damage to mucosal tissue and in the oral cavity lead to osteoclastic bone resorption [7,[13][14][15].…”

Application of metagenomics in understanding oral health and disease

“…Certain fatty acids have been reported to have a protective role in periodontal health. 82,83 An interesting finding in the analysis by Liu et al was enrichment for genes involved in homoserine metabolism in healthy samples. Homoserine is a signaling molecule for quorum sensing (a bacterial system of stimulus and response correlated with environmental population density).This result suggests that vigorous metabolic activity for quorum sensing occurs within the healthy microbiome.…”

Was hat es mit den langkettigen Omega-3-Fettsäuren auf sich?

“…Die langkettigen Omega-3-Fettsäuren spielen eine bedeutende Rolle bei der Prävention und Behandlung von Erkrankungen der Herzkranzgefäße (Calder, 2004 [Eicosapentaensäure und Docosahexaensäure]; Heidal et al, 2004;London et al, 2007), bei der Behandlung von Bluthochdruck (Ueshima et al, 2007), von Autoimmunerkrankungen (Kesavalu et al, 2007;Norris et al, 2007;Treschow et al, 2007), von Krebs (Kato et al, 2007) und von Augenkrankheiten (Connor et al, 2007;Seddon et al, 2006).…”