Omega-3 fatty acids, acute coronary syndrome, and sudden death

Harris, William S.; Schacky, Clemens von

doi:10.1007/s12170-008-0029-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Further, there is evidence that a 1% change in the omega-3 index (e.g., from 4 to 5%) could have a significant impact on risk for sudden cardiac death [21]. Thus, if SDA consumption could materially raise RBC and heart EPA content, as suggested in this study, the impact is likely to be clinically significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Stearidonic Acid‐Enriched Soybean Oil Increased the Omega‐3 Index, an Emerging Cardiovascular Risk Marker

Harris

Lemke

Hansen

et al. 2008

Lipids

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122

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A plant source of omega-3 fatty acid (FA) that can raise tissue eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and/or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is needed. A soybean oil (SBO) containing approximately 20% stearidonic acid [SDA; the delta-6 desaturase product of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)] derived from genetically modified soybeans is under development. This study compared the effects of EPA to SDA-SBO on erythrocyte EPA+DHA levels (the omega-3 index). Overweight healthy volunteers (n=45) were randomized to SDA-SBO (24 ml/day providing approximately 3.7 g SDA) or to regular SBO (control group) without or with EPA ethyl esters (approximately 1 g/day) for 16 weeks. Serum lipids, blood pressure, heart rate, platelet function and safety laboratory tests were measured along with the omega-3 index. A per-protocol analysis was conducted on 33 subjects (11 per group). Compared to baseline, average omega-3 index levels increased 19.5% in the SDA group and 25.4% in the EPA group (p<0.05 for both, vs. control). DHA did not change in any group. Relative to EPA, SDA increased RBC EPA with about 17% efficiency. No other clinical endpoints were affected by SDA or EPA treatment (vs. control). In conclusion, SDA-enriched SBO significantly raised the omega-3 index. Since EPA supplementation has been shown to raise the omega-3 index and to lower risk for cardiac events, SDA-SBO may be a viable plant-based alternative for providing meaningful intakes of cardioprotective omega-3 FAs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Stearidonic Acid‐Enriched Soybean Oil Increased the Omega‐3 Index, an Emerging Cardiovascular Risk Marker

Harris

Lemke

Hansen

et al. 2008

Lipids

Self Cite

150

122

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“…Nonetheless, the low dose of EPA þ DHA from CO still successfully improved the O3I to an extent close to improvements observed in comparable studies with populations that had substantially lower baseline O3I values. Noteworthy, increases of only 1 % were reported to already decrease the risk for sudden cardiac death (27) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intake of Calanus finmarchicus oil for 12 weeks improves omega-3 index in healthy older subjects engaging in an exercise programme

et al. 2020

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The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) play an important role in human health. As the intake of EPA and DHA from the diet is often inadequate, supplementation of those fatty acids is recommended. A novel source of n-3 PUFAs is the oil from Calanus finmarchicus (CO) which contains fatty acids mainly bound in wax esters. To date, no data is available on the effects of long-term intake of this marine oil on n-3 PUFA blood levels. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CO on the n-3 PUFA blood levels using the omega-3-index (O3I). The data originate from a larger randomized controlled trial. For this analysis samples from 72 participants (59.2 ± 6.2 years, BMI was 27.7 ± 5.28 kg/m2) were analyzed. Of those, 36 performed 2x/week exercise and received 2g of CO, which provided 124 mg stearidonic acid (SDA), 109 mg EPA, and 87 mg DHA daily (EXCO group), while the other group performed exercise only (EX group) and served as a control for this analysis. The O3I increased from 6.07 ± 1.29% at baseline to 7.37 ± 1.10% after 12 weeks within the EXCO group (p<0.001), while there were no significant changes in the EX group (6.01 ± 1.26% to 6.15 ± 1.32%, p=0.238). These data provide first evidence that wax ester-bound n-3 PUFAs from CO can significantly increase the omega-3-index despite relatively low EPA+DHA amounts. Further, the effects of exercise could be excluded.

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“…For the purpose of ACS case discrimination, none of these simple FA metrics were able to add to the standard risk factors. Perhaps they would have greater utility in predicting risk for sudden cardiac death [33] than non-fatal ACS events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid Patterns and Acute Coronary Syndrome

et al. 2009

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BackgroundAssessment of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk is typically based on a weighted combination of standard risk factors. We sought to determine the extent to which a lipidomic approach based on red blood cell fatty acid (RBC-FA) profiles could discriminate acute coronary syndrome (ACS) cases from controls, and to compare RBC-FA discrimination with that based on standard risk factors.Methodology/Principal FindingsRBC-FA profiles were measured in 668 ACS cases and 680 age-, race- and gender-matched controls. Multivariable logistic regression models based on FA profiles (FA) and standard risk factors (SRF) were developed on a random 2/3rds derivation set and validated on the remaining 1/3rd. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (c-statistics), misclassification rates, and model calibrations were used to evaluate the individual and combined models. The FA discriminated cases from controls better than the SRF (c = 0.85 vs. 0.77, p = 0.003) and the FA profile added significantly to the standard model (c = 0.88 vs. 0.77, p<0.0001). Hosmer-Lemeshow calibration was poor for the FA model alone (p = 0.01), but acceptable for both the SRF (p = 0.30) and combined models (p = 0.22). Misclassification rates were 23%, 29% and 20% for FA, the SRF, and the combined models, respectively.Conclusions/SignificanceRBC-FA profiles contribute significantly to the discrimination of ACS cases, especially when combined with standard risk factors. The utility of FA patterns in risk prediction warrants further investigation.

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Omega-3 fatty acids, acute coronary syndrome, and sudden death

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Stearidonic Acid‐Enriched Soybean Oil Increased the Omega‐3 Index, an Emerging Cardiovascular Risk Marker

Stearidonic Acid‐Enriched Soybean Oil Increased the Omega‐3 Index, an Emerging Cardiovascular Risk Marker

Intake of Calanus finmarchicus oil for 12 weeks improves omega-3 index in healthy older subjects engaging in an exercise programme

Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid Patterns and Acute Coronary Syndrome

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