Omega-3 PUFA's reduce the vulnerability of the rat heart to ischaemic arrhythmia in the presence of a high intake of saturated animal fat

Charnock, John S.; McLennan, Peter L; Sundram, Kalyana; Abeywardena, Mahinda Y.

doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(05)80395-1

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Conversely, McLennan et al demonstrated that a low DHA intake (230 mg/kg/day for 5 weeks) prevented ischemic arrhythmias [248], which was not the case for EPA. Such an antiarrhythmic effect was even observed with lower n-3 PUFA intake (75 -100 mg/kg/day for 4 -10 months) [175,241,249,250]. The antiarrhythmic effect of low doses of n-3 fatty acids was rapid and did not require their incorporation into membrane phospholipids [215,216].…”

Section: Exogenous Effect Of N-3 Pufasmentioning

confidence: 93%

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease-related mortality: a possible mechanism of action

Demaison¹,

Moreau²

2002

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS)

106

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Epidemiological and interventional studies indicate that dietary n-3 PUFA reduces mortality due to coronary heart disease (CHD). They act at a low dose, since one or two meals with fatty fish per week is sufficient to provide protection when compared with no fish intake. These fatty acids are effective in providing primary prevention in low- and high-risk subjects and secondary prevention. At high doses, dietary n-3 PUFAs have several beneficial properties. First, they act favourably on blood characteristics: they are hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic; they reduce platelet aggregation; they exhibit antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activities; they reduce blood viscosity and they exhibit antiinflammatory action. Second, they reduce ischemia/reperfusion-induced cellular damage. This effect is apparently due to the incorporation of eicosapentaenoic acid in membrane phospholipids. Third, they reduce ischemia and reperfusion arrhythmias. All the effects exerted by n-3 PUFAs at high doses are incompatible with the beneficial action on CHD mortality in humans observed at low doses, where their main properties are related to circulation in the form of free fatty acids. Numerous experimental studies have indicated that low concentrations of exogenous n-3 PUFAs reduce the severity of cardiac arrhythmias. This effect is probably responsible for the protective action of n-3 PUFA on CHD mortality. Further studies are necessary to confirm this assumption in animals. Such studies should take account of the fact that only a low dose of n-3 PUFA (20 mg/kg/day) is necessary to afford protection. Furthermore, since the beneficial effect of n-3 PUFAs on CHD mortality is observed in fish eaters versus no-fish eaters, and since populations in industrialised countries consume excess n-6 PUFAs, control animals in long-term dietary experiments should be fed a diet with only n-6 fatty acids as a source of PUFAs.

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Section: Exogenous Effect Of N-3 Pufasmentioning

confidence: 93%

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease-related mortality: a possible mechanism of action

Demaison¹,

Moreau²

2002

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS)

106

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“…Five feeding studies [15,16,19,23,27] and 3 infusion studies [38][39][40] that evaluated the effect of fish oils or EPA relative to x-6 PUFAs or no treatment controls on the incidence of VT using an IM model reported a significant decrease, whereas 3 studies [20,22,37] reported no significant effect.…”

Section: Ventricular Tachycardiamentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of ω-3 fatty acids on selected arrhythmia outcomes in animal models

et al. 2005

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“…Marmoset monkeys consuming a diet containing n-3 PUFA required significantly higher threshold stimulation current in comparison to those consuming an n-6 diet to induce ventricular fibrillation electrically under both control and ischemic conditions or when vulnerability was further enhanced by β-adrenergic stimulation (15). In rats subjected to a similar dietary regimen, the antiarrhythmic effect of fish oil was maintained after the n-3 content was diluted by blending with a highly saturated animal fat; the antiarrhythmic effect of n-6 PUFA-rich vegetable oil was lost, however, after blending with the animal fat (16). Dietary fish oil, but not corn oil, also protects against fatal ventricular fibrillation induced by acute administration of a high dose of catecholamines in rats (17).…”

Section: Fish Oil and Cardiac Arrhythmiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phospholipids that make up the myocardial cell membranes are highly responsive to the presence or absence of PUFA of the n-6 and n-3 families. Fish oils used in dietary studies vary considerably in their composition, both in respect to the total n-3 fatty acid content and in the relative concentrations of EPA and DHA (2,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Studies consistently show that regardless of the type of fish oil used, whether it is high EPA or high DHA fish oil, DHA is the fatty acid that accumulates in myocardial phospholipids after fish oil consumption with very little change in EPA.…”

Section: Fish Oil and Membrane Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial membrane fatty acids and the antiarrhythmic actions of dietary fish oil in animal models

McLennan¹

2001

Lipids

125

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Epidemiologic studies, animal studies, and more recently, clinical intervention trials all suggest a role for regular intake of dietary fish oil in reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Prevention of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death is demonstrable at fish or fish oil intakes that have little or no effect on blood pressure or plasma lipids. In animals, dietary intake of fish oil [containing both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3)] selectively increases myocardial membrane phospholipid content of DHA, whereas low dose consumption of purified fatty acids shows antiarrhythmic effects of DHA but not EPA. Ventricular fibrillation induced under many conditions, including ischemia, reperfusion, and electrical stimulation, and even arrhythmias induced in vitro with no circulating fatty acids are prevented by prior dietary consumption of fish oil. The preferential accumulation of DHA in myocardial cell membranes, its association with arrhythmia prevention, and the selective ability of pure DHA to prevent ventricular fibrillation all point to DHA as the active component of fish oil. The antiarrhythmic effect of dietary fish oil appears to depend on the accumulation of DHA in myocardial cell membranes.

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Omega-3 PUFA's reduce the vulnerability of the rat heart to ischaemic arrhythmia in the presence of a high intake of saturated animal fat

Cited by 30 publications

References 27 publications

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease-related mortality: a possible mechanism of action

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease-related mortality: a possible mechanism of action

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of ω-3 fatty acids on selected arrhythmia outcomes in animal models

Myocardial membrane fatty acids and the antiarrhythmic actions of dietary fish oil in animal models

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