Omental adipose tissue is a more suitable source of canine Mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

BackgroundMesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are a promising therapeutic tool in veterinary medicine. Currently the subcutaneous adipose tissue is the leading source of MSCs in dogs. MSCs derived from distinct fat depots have shown dissimilarities in their accessibility and therapeutic potential. The aims of our work were to determine the suitability of omental adipose tissue as a source of MSCs, according to sampling success, cell yield and paracrine properties of isolated cells, and compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue.ResultsWhile sampling success of omental adipose tissue was 100% (14 collections from14 donors) for subcutaneous adipose tissue it was 71% (10 collections from 14 donors). MSCs could be isolated from both sources. Cell yield was significantly higher for omental than for subcutaneous adipose tissue (38 ± 1 vs. 30 ± 1 CFU-F/g tissue, p < 0.0001). No differences were observed between sources regarding cell proliferation potential (73 ± 1 vs. 74 ± 1 CDPL) and cell senescence (at passage 10, both cultures presented enlarged cells with cytoplasmic vacuoles and cellular debris). Omental- and subcutaneous-derived MSCs expressed at the same level bFGF, PDGF, HGF, VEGF, ANG1 and IL-10. Irrespective of the source, isolated MSCs induced proliferation, migration and vascularization of target cells, and inhibited the activation of T lymphocytes.ConclusionCompared to subcutaneous adipose tissue, omental adipose tissue is a more suitable source of MSCs in dogs. Since it can be procured from donors with any body condition, its collection procedure is always feasible, its cell yield is high and the MSCs isolated from it have desirable differentiation and paracrine potentials.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-017-1053-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Comparison of Canine and Feline Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells/Medicinal Signaling Cells With Regard to Cell Surface Marker Expression, Viability, Proliferation, and Differentiation Potential

“…It is well-known that MSC populations are intrinsically heterogeneous what can significantly impact their therapeutic potency ( 37 ). Besides different factors, such as MSC source ( 19 , 21 , 23 , 38 ), tissue collection site ( 39 – 41 ), animal age ( 39 , 42 – 44 ), and the number of passages ( 45 – 48 ) that have been demonstrated to affect MSC characteristics ex vivo , animal species could likely also influence MSC potency. Only a few studies compared MSCs between species directly ( 49 – 51 ), while it is difficult to draw any comparisons between different studies using cells from different species because of the lack of standardization of methods for the isolation, culture, and characterization of animal MSCs.…”

Multidose intramuscular allogeneic adipose stem cells decrease the severity of canine atopic dermatitis: A pilot study

“…These beneficial effects can also be related to other mechanisms of stem cell action such as inhibition of effector T-cell proliferation and the expression of inflammatory cytokines by expansion of regulatory T-cells and the production of interleukin-10 [42,43]. Moreover, the action of soluble ASCs factors [44][45][46] and/or the secretion of paracrine growth factors that can correct several pathophysiological alterations cannot be ruled out [47].…”

Intra‐arterial renal infusion of autologous mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of chronic kidney disease in cats: Phase I clinical trial

“…The source of adipose tissue used for SVF in our study varied among patients. Multiple studies in dogs and people have shown differences in MSC yield as well as replication rate and differentiation ability of MSC depending on the source of adipose tissue (eg, omental versus SC) . Thus, functional variation may exist among MSC derived from different adipose sites and may affect their regenerative and reparative capacities.…”

“…Multiple studies in dogs and people have shown differences in MSC yield as well as replication rate and differentiation ability of MSC depending on the source of adipose tissue (eg, omental versus SC). [36][37][38][39] Thus, functional variation may exist among MSC derived from different adipose sites and may affect their regenerative and reparative capacities. Future studies of this nature are needed in cats in which the source of adipose-derived MSC is kept consistent to determine whether adipose origin is an important variable.…”