Omnidirectional terahertz mirrors: A key element for future terahertz communication systems

Krumbholz, N.; Gerlach, K.; Rutz, Frank; Koch, Martin; Piesiewicz, Radoslaw; Kürner, Thomas; Mittleman, Daniel M.

doi:10.1063/1.2205727

Cited by 151 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Thus, the tunable PCs containing the ENG materials become a new research focus, which has been investigated extensively. Up to now, the most extensive works are reported on the applications realized in one-dimensional (1D) or 2D PCs, such as the omnidirectional mirrors [27], omnidirectional filter [28] and omnidirectional reflector [29]. However, the 1D and 2D PCs structure in theory may not be very well in accordance with the real applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Wavelength Division Multiplexer Realized in Three-Dimensional Unusual Surface-Plasmon-Induced Photonic Crystals Composed of the Epsilon-Negative Materials Shells

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Li³

2014

PIER

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Abstract-In this paper, the dispersive properties and switching state of three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals (PCs) with diamond lattices, which are composed of the core isotropic dielectric spheres with surrounded by the epsilon-negative (ENG) materials shells inserted in the isotropic dielectric background (air), are theoretically investigated in detail based on a modified plane wave expansion method. The wavelength division multiplexer can be realized easily by tuning the switching state of such PCs. The equations for computing band structures for such 3D PCs are presented. Our analysis shows that the proposed double-shell structures can obtain the complete photonic band gaps (PBGs) which can be used to realize optical switching by manipulating the radius of core dielectric sphere, the relative dielectric constant of background, the dielectric constant of ENG materials and the electronic plasma frequency, respectively. However, the thickness of the ENG materials shell cannot change the switching state as the radius of core dielectric sphere is certain. Numerical simulations also show that a flatband region, and the stop band gaps (SBGs) in (1 0 0) and (1 1 1) directions which are above the flatband region can be achieved. The SBGs in (1 0 0) and (1 1 1) directions can also be tuned by the parameters as mentioned above. There also exists a threshold value for the thickness of ENG material shell, which can make the band structures for the 3D PCs with double-shell structures similar to those obtained from the same structure containing the pure ENG materials spheres. In this case, the inserted core sphere will not affect the band structures. It means that we can achieve the PBGs by replacing the pure ENG materials spheres by such double-shell structures to make fabricate easily and save the material in the realization. It is also noticed that the flatband region is determined by the existence of surface-plasmon modes, and the upper edge of flatband region does not depend on the topology of lattice. Such presented 3D PCs with double-shell structures offer a novel way to realize the wavelength division multiplexers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Wavelength Division Multiplexer Realized in Three-Dimensional Unusual Surface-Plasmon-Induced Photonic Crystals Composed of the Epsilon-Negative Materials Shells

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Li³

2014

PIER

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“…109, 061301 (2011) state solution with high refractive index difference between low and high n material would be preferable. Thus, nonflexible Bragg mirrors consisting of high resistive silicon and polypropylene (PP) plastic were designed, 136 showing a transmission band of 55 GHz for all polarizations and incidence angles. The latter is mainly attributed to the high index contrast of Dn % 1:9.…”

Section: -32mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable, continuous-wave Terahertz photomixer sources and applications

Preu

Döhler

Malzer

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

432

293

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Realization of gigahertz-frequency impedance matching circuits for nano-scale devices Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 053108 (2012) Synchronization of a renewable energy inverter with the grid J. Renewable Sustainable Energy 4, 043103 (2012) Monolithic high-temperature superconducting heterodyne Josephson frequency down-converter Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 262604 (2012) Generation of pure phase and amplitude-modulated signals at microwave frequencies Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 064705 (2012) Additional information on J. Appl. Phys. This review is focused on the latest developments in continuous-wave (CW) photomixing for Terahertz (THz) generation. The first part of the paper explains the limiting factors for operation at high frequencies $ 1 THz, namely transit time or lifetime roll-off, antenna (R)-device (C) RC rolloff, current screening and blocking, and heat dissipation. We will present various realizations of both photoconductive and p-i-n diode-based photomixers to overcome these limitations, including perspectives on novel materials for high-power photomixers operating at telecom wavelengths (1550 nm). In addition to the classical approach of feeding current originating from a small semiconductor photomixer device to an antenna (antenna-based emitter, AE), an antennaless approach in which the active area itself radiates (large area emitter, LAE) is discussed in detail. Although we focus on CW photomixing, we briefly discuss recent results for LAEs under pulsed conditions. Record power levels of 1.5 mW average power and conversion efficiencies as high as 2 Â 10 À3 have been reached, about 2 orders of magnitude higher than those obtained with CW antenna-based emitters. The second part of the paper is devoted to applications for CW photomixers. We begin with a discussion of the development of novel THz optics. Special attention is paid to experiments exploiting the long coherence length of CW photomixers for coherent emission and detection of THz arrays. The long coherence length comes with an unprecedented narrow linewidth. This is of particular interest for spectroscopic applications, the field in which THz research has perhaps the highest impact. We point out that CW spectroscopy systems may potentially be more compact, cheaper, and more accurate than conventional pulsed systems. These features are attributed to telecom-wavelength compatibility, to excellent frequency resolution, and to their huge spectral density. The paper concludes with prototype experiments of THz wireless LAN applications. For future telecommunication systems, the limited bandwidth of photodiodes is inadequate for further upshifting carrier frequencies. This, however, will soon be required for increased data throughput. The implementation of telecom-wavelength compatible photomixing diodes for down-conversion of an optical carrier signal to a (sub-)THz RF signal will be required.

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“…Since then, the OBGs in the 1DPCs have attracted great interest of many scientists [4,[7][8][9][10][11][12]. It is known that such an OBG has potential applications [13,14], such as, omnidirectional terahertz mirrors [15], controllable switching [16], tunable polarizer [17], narrowband filters [18], and refractometric optical sensing [19], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad Omnidirectional Reflector in the One-Dimensional Ternary Photonic Crystals Containing Superconductor

Dai¹,

Xiang²,

Wen³

2011

PIER

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Abstract-A method to enlarge the omnidirectional photonic bandgaps (PBGs) has been presented in the one-dimensional photonic crystals by sandwiching a superconductor layer between two dielectric materials to form a one-dimensional ternary periodic structure. The angle-and thickness-dependence of these PBGs have been investigated in detail, and then the thermally-tunability of these omnidirectional PBGs by controlling external temperature of the superconductor is discussed. It is shown that these omnidirectional PBGs can be extended markedly in the one-dimensional ternary photonic crystal and the gap width or the wavelength range can also be tuned by varying external temperature.

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Omnidirectional terahertz mirrors: A key element for future terahertz communication systems

Cited by 151 publications

References 14 publications

The Wavelength Division Multiplexer Realized in Three-Dimensional Unusual Surface-Plasmon-Induced Photonic Crystals Composed of the Epsilon-Negative Materials Shells

The Wavelength Division Multiplexer Realized in Three-Dimensional Unusual Surface-Plasmon-Induced Photonic Crystals Composed of the Epsilon-Negative Materials Shells

Tunable, continuous-wave Terahertz photomixer sources and applications

Broad Omnidirectional Reflector in the One-Dimensional Ternary Photonic Crystals Containing Superconductor

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