“…For instance, tunneling using FEM for viscoplastic materials has been investigated widely, as well, e.g. [9] approaches the problem with outstanding results in computational geomechanics, with special reference to earthquake engineering, in numerical modeling of dynamic soil and pore fluid interaction and earthquake-induced liquefaction and multiphase pollutant transport in partially saturated porous media; Zienkiewicz provides outstanding numerically approaches in a wide range of problems, e.g., [10] is devoted to computational geomechanics; [11] focuses a great interest in the multi-disciplinarily aspect of the problem, taking into account also adjacent phenomenon occurring at the rock-support interaction; [12] deals with ductile damage and fracture FE modeling of viscoplastic voided materials for high strain rate problems, [13] provides a finite-strain viscoplastic law coupled with anisotropic damage both theoretical and numerical approach, [14] develops a FE procedure to model the tunnel installation and the liner to predict the likely extent of damage to surface structures caused by nearby shallow tunneling, [15] deals with FE modelling of excavation and advancement process of a shield tunnelling machine, [16] develops a FE micromechanical-based model for hydromechanical coupling for tunnelling application, [17] applies a model based on plastic damage evolution and permeability to excavation-disturbed zone simulation of the mudstone shield tunnel; [18] analyses tunnel depth effect on the stress and strain state around the tunnel; [19], [20] studies the face tunnel influence in the analysis of a circular tunnel with a time-dependent behaviour, etc.…”