Background: Telocytes (TCs) are unique interstitial or stromal cells of mesodermal origin, defined by long cellular extensions called telopodes (Tps) which form a network, connecting them to surrounding cells. TCs were previously found around stem and progenitor cells, and were thought to be most likely involved in local tissue metabolic equilibrium and regeneration. The roles of telocytes are still under scientific scrutiny, with existing studies suggesting they possess various functions depending on their location. Methods: Human myometrium biopsies were collected from pregnant and non-pregnant women, telocytes were then investigated in myometrial interstitial cell cultures based on morphological criteria and later prepared for time-lapse microscopy. Semi-analytical and numerical solutions were developed to highlight the geometric characteristics and the behavior of telocytes. Results: Results were gathered in a database which would further allow efficient telocyte tracking and indexing in a content-based image retrieval (CBIR) of digital medical images. Mathematical analysis revealed pivotal information regarding the homogeneity, hardness and resistance of telocytes’ structure. Cellular activity models were monitored in vitro, therefore supporting the creation of databases of telocyte images. Conclusions: The obtained images were analyzed, using segmentation techniques and mathematical models in conjunction with computer simulation, in order to depict TCs behavior in relation to surrounding cells. This paper brings an important contribution to the development of bioinformatics systems by creating software-based telocyte models that could be used both for diagnostic and educational purposes.
Résumé -Solution analytique au problème de stabilité de puits en conditions non drainées utilisant un modèle de Cam-Clay linéarisé -Cet article présente une version linéarisée du modèle de Cam-Clay intégré dans le cadre général de la théorie de la poroplasticité isotherme. La loi de comportement développée à partir du concept des contraintes effectives plastiques ne contient que deux paramètres plastiques (module d'écrouissage et pente de la droite critique). Le modèle est validé sur des chemins de contrainte homogènes (hydrostatique, triaxial drainé et triaxial non drainé) et comparé à des essais expérimentaux obtenus à partir d'essais conventionnels de laboratoire. Ensuite, une version simplifiée du modèle est appliquée au problème du puits dans un champ de contrainte axisymétrique et en conditions non drainées. Compte tenu de la linéarité de la loi et de la connaissance a priori de la région plastique, la solution (contraintes, déformations et pression de pore) est analytique. Les résultats montrent que pour un matériau surconsolidé (degré de consolidation inférieur à 2) la contrainte tangentielle est fortement relâchée dans la zone plastique. Plus la compressibilité du fluide est grande, plus cette relaxation est importante. En termes de stabilité, plus le fluide est compressible, plus le puits sera stable. Finalement, plus le degré de consolidation est grand, moins le puits sera stable.Mots-clés : stabilité, puits, élasticité, non drainé.
Abstract -A Fully Analytical Solution of the Wellbore Stability Problem under Undrained Conditions Using a Linearised Cam-Clay Model -This paper presents a linearised version of the
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