On Catch Discarding in Fisheries

Árnason, Ragnar

doi:10.1086/mre.9.3.42629080

Cited by 85 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This response is notable because there has been considerable debate as to whether catch shares introduce incentives to increase or decrease discard rates. The end of the race-to-fish that commonly accompanies catch share programs may promote the wasteful practice of high grading (29,30), where only the most valuable portion of the catch is retained and the rest is discarded so that it does not count against the quota. Alternatively, if there is an opportunity cost associated with catching low-valued individuals then fishers may avoid practices that catch them (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological indicators display reduced variation in North American catch share fisheries

Essington

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

106

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A growing push to implement catch share fishery programs is based partly on the recognition that they may provide stronger incentives for ecological stewardship than conventional fisheries management. Using data on population status, quota compliance, discard rates, use of habitat-damaging gear, and landings for 15 catch share programs in North America, I tested the hypothesis that catch share systems lead to improved ecological stewardship and status of exploited populations. Impacts of catch share programs were measured through comparisons of fisheries with catch shares to fisheries without catch shares or by comparing fisheries before and after catch shares were implemented. The average levels of most indicators were unaffected by catch share implementation: only discard rate, which declined significantly in catch share fisheries, showed a significant response. However, catch share fisheries were distinguished by markedly reduced interannual variability in all indicators, being statistically significant for exploitation rate, landings, discard rate, and the ratio of catch to catch quotas. These impacts of catch shares were common between nations and ocean basins and were independent of the number of years that catch share programs had been in place. These findings suggest that for the indicators examined, the primary effect of catch shares was greater consistency over time. This enhanced consistency could be beneficial to fishery systems and might also be an indication of more effective management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological indicators display reduced variation in North American catch share fisheries

Essington

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

106

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“…There have been cases in which fishers with individual harvesting rights have dumped lower valued fish to maximize the value of their trip landings (Parsons 1993;Arnason 1994;Squires et al 1998), although such problems also exist in open-access and input-regulated fisheries (Leal et al 2005), especially those regulated by trip and (or) vessel-size restrictions. However, discarding problems with individual harvesting rights can be mitigated and adaptively managed with appropriate incentives and instruments.…”

Section: Discards and Bycatchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentive-based approaches to sustainable fisheries

Grafton

Árnason

Bjørndal

et al. 2006

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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348

239

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Abstract:The failures of traditional target-species management have led many to propose an ecosystem approach to fisheries to promote sustainability. The ecosystem approach is necessary, especially to account for fishery-ecosystem interactions, but by itself is not sufficient to address two important factors contributing to unsustainable fisheries: inappropriate incentives bearing on fishers and the ineffective governance that frequently exists in commercial, developed fisheries managed primarily by total-harvest limits and input controls. We contend that much greater emphasis must be placed on fisher motivation when managing fisheries. Using evidence from more than a dozen natural experiments in commercial fisheries, we argue that incentive-based approaches that better specify community and individual harvest or territorial rights and price ecosystem services and that are coupled with public research, monitoring, and effective oversight promote sustainable fisheries. 710 Résumé : Les échecs des aménagements traditionnels centrés sur les espèces-cibles ont incité plusieurs chercheurs à proposer des approches halieutiques basées sur les écosystèmes pour favoriser les pêches durables. L'approche écosys-témique est nécessaire, en particulier, pour tenir compte des interactions pêche-écosystème; elle ne suffit pas, cependant, par elle-même pour régler deux facteurs importants qui contribuent à rendre les pêches non durables : les incitations insuffisantes pour les pêcheurs et la gestion inefficace souvent présente dans les pêches commerciales déve-loppées qui sont régies principalement par des limites à la récolte totale et par des contrôles d'entrée. Nous croyons qu'on doit mettre beaucoup plus l'accent sur la motivation des pêcheurs dans la gestion de la pêche. En utilisant des données provenant de plus d'une douzaine d'expériences naturelles de pêche commerciale, nous cherchons à démontrer que des approches fondées sur les incitations qui précisent mieux la communauté, les récoltes individuelles et les droits territoriaux et qui évaluent aussi financièrement les services de l'écosystème, couplées avec de la recherche gouvernementale, de la surveillance et de la gestion efficace, promeuvent les pêches commerciales durables.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Grafton et al.

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“…tA flash fishery is one where the fishing season is very short for either biological or marketing reasons. *See Arnason (1994) and Anderson (1994) for a discussion on discarding and high grading in [TQ fisheries. vessel characteristics.…”

Section: Experiences With Itqsmentioning

confidence: 99%