On‐Demand Removable Self‐Healing and pH‐Responsive Europium‐Releasing Adhesive Dressing Enables Inflammatory Microenvironment Modulation and Angiogenesis for Diabetic Wound Healing

Abstract

Current diabetic wound treatments remain unsatisfactory due to the lack of a comprehensive strategy that can integrate strong applicability (tissue adhesiveness, shape adaptability, fast self‐healability, and facile dressing change) with the initiation and smooth connection of the cascade wound healing processes. Herein, benefiting from the multifaceted bonding ability of tannic acid to metal ions and various polymers, a family of tannin–europium coordination complex crosslinked citrate‐based mussel‐inspired bioadhesives (TE‐CMBAs) are specially developed for diabetic wound healing. TE‐CMBAs can gel instantly (< 60 s), possess favorable shape‐adaptability, considerable mechanical strengths, high elasticity, considerable wet tissue adhesiveness (≈40 kPa), favorable photothermal antimicrobial activity, excellent anti‐oxidant activity, biocompatibility, and angiogenetic property. The reversible hydrogen bond crosslinking and sensitive metal–phenolic coordination also confers TE‐CMBAs with self‐healability, pH‐responsive europium ion and TA releasing properties and on‐demand removability upon mixing with borax solution, enabling convenient painless dressing change and the smooth connection of inflammatory microenvironment modulation, angiogenesis promotion, and effective extracellular matrix production leveraging the acidic pH condition of diabetic wounds. This adhesive dressing provides a comprehensive regenerative strategy for diabetic wound management and can be extended to other complicated tissue healing scenarios.

Fabrication and Facile Surface Derivatization of Poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐Based Wound Dressing Materials Imparting Anti‐Infective, Excessive Biofluid Drainage, and Easy‐to‐Peel Characteristics

“…Therefore, any damage to the skin, causing wound formation, can be a severe threat to the body leading to the invasion of microorganisms and antigen challenges. [1][2][3][4] Wounds can vary in severity based on the nature of the puncture, surgery/incision, burns, bites/stings, and other causes. [5][6][7] Wound healing is a multifaceted process involving a number of steps.…”

A Gelatin-Based Composite Hydrogel with a “One Stone, Two Birds” Strategy for Photothermal Antibacterial and Vascularization of Infected Wounds

“…To facilitate long-term tissue regeneration, it is important to cover the wound site with dressings that exhibit good tissue adhesion and create a favorable healing environment. According to the reports, materials with catechol moieties exhibit strong adhesion to a variety of substrates. , The hydrogel attached to substrates such as plastic, glass, iron, and rubber, as seen in Figure e. Lap-shear studies were then used to determine the tissue adhesion strength of the hydrogels using pig skin as a biological tissue model (Figure f).…”

“…According to the reports, materials with catechol moieties exhibit strong adhesion to a variety of substrates. 50,51 The hydrogel attached to substrates such as plastic, glass, iron, and rubber, as seen in Figure 2e. Lap-shear studies were then used to determine the tissue adhesion strength of the hydrogels using pig skin as a biological tissue model (Figure 2f).…”

Ultrasound-Augmented Multienzyme-like Nanozyme Hydrogel Spray for Promoting Diabetic Wound Healing

“…By introducing an external field, the nanozyme activity can be considerably boosted and precisely regulated through coupling nanozyme involved catalysis and external field driven catalysis. − Ultrasound (US) is widely utilized in clinical practice for diagnosis and treatment because of its noninvasive nature, low energy attenuation, and high penetration ability into tissues. − Recently, some ultrasound-augmented nanozymes for infection treatment have been reported, − which can absorb a large amount of energy released from cavitation bubbles, induce carrier separation and energy band bending in nanozyme surfaces to enhance the nanozyme activity. In addition, ultrasound triggers the formation of transient pores in biofilm matrix, which increases the diffusion of nanozymes into biofilms and improves treatment efficacy. , To reinforce the delivery efficiency, nanozymes can be encapsulated in hydrogel, , which provides a moist microenvironment and fills irregular wounds, hence promoting diabetic wound healing. − …”