On diagnostics of annular-shape radio-frequency plasma jet operating in argon in atmospheric conditions

Sremački, Ivana; Jurov, Andrea; Modić, Martina; Cvelbar, Uroš; Wang, Lei; Leys, Christophe; Nikiforov, Anton

doi:10.1088/1361-6595/ab71f7

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…An annular-shaped plasma pattern is more recognizable for higher power, while for lower power, the pattern is more diffuse. This is explained by the fact that species transport to the sample is dependent on plasma specific energy input ( W × s / l ), as well as increased air entrainment at lower plasma power, previously shown in our work via Rayleigh scattering . With increasing treatment distance, a decrease of the effective treatment area is evident, accompanied by an increase of the plasma-free zone; see Figure h.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Plasma Damage Control: From Biomolecules to Cells and Skin

Sremački

Kos

Bošnjak

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The antibacterial and cell-proliferative character of atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) helps in the healing process of chronic wounds. However, control of the plasma-biological target interface remains an open issue. High vacuum ultraviolet/ultraviolet (VUV/UV) radiation and RONS flux from plasma may cause damage of a treated tissue; therefore, controlled interaction is essential. VUV/UV emission from argon APPJs and radiation control with aerosol injection in plasma effluent is the focus of this research. The aerosol effect on radiation is studied by a fluorescent target capable of resolving the plasma oxidation footprint. In addition, DNA damage is evaluated by plasmid DNA radiation assay and cell proliferation assay to assess safety aspects of the plasma jet, the effect of VUV/UV radiation, and its control with aerosol injection. Inevitable emission of VUV/UV radiation from plasmas during treatment is demonstrated in this work. Plasma has no antiproliferative effect on fibroblasts in short treatments (t < 60 s), while long exposure has a cytotoxic effect, resulting in decreased cell survival. Radiation has no effect on cell survival in the medium due to absorption. However, a strong cytotoxic effect on the attached fibroblasts without the medium is apparent. VUV/UV radiation contributes 70% of the integral plasma effect in induction of single- and double-strand DNA breaks and cytotoxicity of the attached cells without the medium. Survival of the attached cells increases by 10% when aerosol is introduced between plasma and the cells. Injection of aerosol in the plasma effluent can help to control the plasma–cell/tissue interaction. Aerosol droplets in the effluent partially absorb UV emission from the plasma, limiting photon flux in the direction of the biological target. Herein, cold and safe plasma-aerosol treatment and a safe operational mode of treatment are demonstrated in a murine model.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Plasma Damage Control: From Biomolecules to Cells and Skin

Sremački

Kos

Bošnjak

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The application horizon is biomedicine, such as wound healing or cancer. The presented RF sustained annular-shaped plasma jet uses an argon working gas and operates in ambient air [22]. Its coaxial geometry allows the introduction of an aerosol into the discharge effluent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of aerosol injection on the liquid chemistry induced by an RF argon plasma jet

Sremački

Bruno

Jablonowski

et al. 2021

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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A radio-frequency driven plasma jet in annular geometry coupled with an aerosol injection into the effluent is proposed for the controllable ROS/RNS production and delivery on biological targets in the context of plasma medicine, e.g. wound care. The role of the aqueous aerosol in modulating the reactive species production is investigated by combining physical and chemical analytics. Optical emission spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and a biochemical model based on cysteine as a tracer molecule have been applied, revealing that aerosol injection shifts the production of ROS from atomic and singlet oxygen towards hydroxyl radicals, which are generated in the droplets. Species generation occurred mainly at the droplets boundary layer during their transport through the effluent, leading to a limited cysteine turnover upon introduction into the aerosol solution. The subsequent delivery of unmodified cysteine molecules at a target suggested the application of the plasma source for the topical delivery of drugs, expanding the potential applicability and effectiveness. The presence of reactive nitrogen species was negligible regardless of aerosol injection and only traces of the downstream products nitrate and nitrate were detected. In summary, the aerosol injection into the effluent opens new avenues to control UV radiation and reactive species output for the biomedical applications of non-thermal plasma sources, reaching out towards the regulation, safety, and efficacy of targeted applications.

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“…A-X band of HO and H α line were detected with maximum emission of at 309 and 656.2 nm, respectively. In the discharge HO emission could have originated due to dissociative excitation of water molecules in collisions of electron or argon metastables [57][58][59]. The main source of water molecules in the gaseous phase or discharge region mostly comes from the evaporation of the target sample due to the effect of purging caused by gas flow or could be via local heating caused by the impact of heavy ions in APPJ [57,60].…”

Section: Solution Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and Indirect Treatment of Organic Dye (Acid Blue 25) Solutions by Using Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet

et al. 2022

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In this work, the direct and indirect removal of Acid Blue 25 (AB25) from water by using cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) has been demonstrated. APPJ with a pin electrode type configuration operating with argon as a working gas was used as a plasma source for treatments. In this configuration, argon plasma was formed in the contact with surrounding air over the liquid surface. The plasma was driven by using a high voltage radio frequency (RF) power supply. The system was characterized by the measurement of electrical characteristics and by employing optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The electrical characterization gave information about the voltages and currents, i.e., working points of the discharge, as well as power deposition to the sample. OES recorded the emission spectra and confirmed several existing reactive species in the gas phase of the plasma system. During the direct treatment, AB25-containing solution was directly exposed to APPJ. The direct treatment was performed by modifying various experimental parameters, such as initial AB25 concentrations, treatment times, and input powers. In the indirect treatment, AB25 was treated by using plasma activated water (PAW). The characterization of PAW was performed and various plasma-induced long-lived species, such as nitrate (NO3−), nitrite (NO2−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) have been quantified using colorimetric techniques. Besides, blank experiments have been conducted with main constituents in PAW, where AB25 was treated individually by NO3−, NO2−, and H2O2 and with a mixture of these three species. As expected, with the direct treatment almost complete removal of AB25 was achieved. The measurements also provided an insight into the kinetics of the degradation of AB25. In the indirect treatment, PAW removed a significant amount of AB25 within 17 days. In the blank experiments, H2O2 containing solutions created a favourable influence on removal of AB25 from liquid.

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On diagnostics of annular-shape radio-frequency plasma jet operating in argon in atmospheric conditions

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Plasma Damage Control: From Biomolecules to Cells and Skin

Plasma Damage Control: From Biomolecules to Cells and Skin

Influence of aerosol injection on the liquid chemistry induced by an RF argon plasma jet

Direct and Indirect Treatment of Organic Dye (Acid Blue 25) Solutions by Using Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet

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