On Historicity and Transcendentality Again. Foucault’s Trajectory from Existential Psychiatry to Historical Epistemology

Basso, Elisabetta

doi:10.22439/fs.v0i14.3904

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This kind of reciprocal relationship is what scholars such as Guillaume Le Blanc (2013); Elisabetta Basso (2012); Luca Paltrinieri (2012); Philippe Sabot (2006Sabot ( , 2013; Byan Smyth (2011), and Béatrice Han (2002) have identified when they compare Foucault's early and later historical approach. In her article "On Historicity and Transcendentality Again: Foucault's Trajectory From Existential Psychiatry to Historical Epistemology," Basso (2012) compares what she calls the complementary phenomenological principles of "experience" and of "immanence" 7 of Foucault (2001c) in IDE and in his later historical (archaeological) approach, respectively.…”

Section: Mental Illness History and Individual Perceptionsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The second principle, "immanence," emphasizes that the essence or a priori of experience is immanent within the experience itself. With references to Foucault's (1969) work The Archaeology of Knowledge, Basso (2012) states that Foucault's historical a priori is "a condition of reality for statements," "the specific form of their mode of being." It is "the a priori of a history that is given" (p. 174).…”

Section: Mental Illness History and Individual Perceptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 The fact that this school of thought ignored questions of subjective existence and consciousness caused great irritation within humanistic circles; phenomenologists and existentialists were particularly critical of the vague and abstract nature of cultural relativism. 4 Nevertheless, other scholars have recognized the resemblance between Foucault's 1954 works (Foucault, 1954(Foucault, , 2001c and his later historical analysis (see, e.g., Basso, 2012;Basso, in Le Blanc, 2013;Macherey, 1994;Monod, 1997Monod, , 2013Sabot, 2006;Smyth, 2011). These scholars believe that Foucault's 1954 works, as well as his works of 1960, are influenced by Husserl's phenomenology, which distinguishes between a philosophy of subjectivity, experience, and meaning, on the one hand, and a philosophy of knowledge, concepts, and rationality, on the other.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, other scholars have recognized the resemblance between Foucault’s 1954 works (Foucault, 1954, 2001c) and his later historical analysis (see, e.g., Basso, 2012; Basso, in Le Blanc, 2013; Macherey, 1994; Monod, 1997, 2013; Sabot, 2006; Smyth, 2011). These scholars believe that Foucault’s 1954 works, as well as his works of 1960, are influenced by Husserl’s phenomenology, which distinguishes between a philosophy of subjectivity, experience, and meaning, on the one hand, and a philosophy of knowledge, concepts, and rationality, on the other 5 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Individual perception and cultural development: Foucault’s 1954 approach to mental illness and its history.

Joranger

2016

History of Psychology

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In his 1954 book Mental Illness and Personality Foucault combines the subjective experience of the mentally ill person with a sociocultural historical approach to mental illness and suggests that there exists a reciprocal connection between individual perception and sociocultural development. This article examines the ramifications of these connections in Foucault's 1954 works and the connection with his later historical works. The article also examines the similarities between Foucault's 1954 thoughts and contemporary intellectual thought, such as those outlined in Maurice Merleau-Ponty's existential phenomenology and in Gaston Bachelard and Georges Canguilhem's historical epistemology. In sum, my study shows that Foucault's historical analysis began long before his 1961 dissertation History of Madness. It also shows that, more than announcing the "death" of the subject, Foucault's historical analysis may have contributed to saving it.

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Section: Mental Illness History and Individual Perceptionsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Mental Illness History and Individual Perceptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual perception and cultural development: Foucault’s 1954 approach to mental illness and its history.

Joranger

2016

History of Psychology

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“…In contrast to Freud and Husserl and contemporary existentialism, such as Heidegger’s ontological “Daseinanalyse,” and in contrast to contemporary evolutionary psychology, Foucault believes that the interpretation of dreams and the interpretation of human existence are related to a method designed to interpret words in a language with unknown grammar: “It becomes a method of cross-referencing of the sort used by the archaeologists for a lost language” (“telle qu’en utilise l’archéologue pour les langues perdues”; 2001a, p. 99). According to Basso (2012), what Foucault means by archeology here involves the way phenomena change historically and how to account philosophically for the historicity of experience in a way that should keep to the givenness of experience itself. With reference to Foucault’s works The Archeology of Knowledge and Birth of the Clinic , Basso states, “As Foucault explains in his Birth of the Clinic , archaeology presents itself as an epistemology that ‘defines not the mode of knowledge , but the world of objects to be known ’” (2012, p. 175).…”

Section: Dreams: Foucault’s Historical Approach To Psychology In “Drementioning

confidence: 99%

Psychology and the historical power–body conjunction: Foucault’s different view of the history and philosophy of psychology

Joranger

2015

Theory & Psychology

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By changing his primary concepts—abstraction, alienation, dream, morale, and power—Foucault changed his perception of mental illness and the history and philosophy of psychology throughout his career. Nevertheless, despite conceptual changes, it seems that Nietzsche’s genealogical view of knowledge and the historical power–body conjunction runs like a red thread through Foucault’s works as early as 1961. This article highlights Foucault’s coherent and divergent views on the history and philosophy of psychology and their effects on his theories, findings, and contributions.

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Existence, Absence and Power of Madness: A Critical Review of Michel Foucault’s Writings on the History and Philosophy of Madness

Brückner

Iwer

Thoma

2017

N.T.M.

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This article discusses Michel Foucault's main writings on "madness and psychiatry" from his early works up to the 1970s. On the one hand, we reconstruct the overall theoretical and methodological development of his positions over the course of the different periods in his oeuvre. On the other hand, we also take a closer look at Foucault's philosophical considerations regarding the subjects of his investigations. After an initial introduction of our conceptual approach, we draw on the most recent research on Foucault to show to what extent the phenomenological description of the topic at hand and the historical-critical perspective that are reflected in his early writings of 1954 (the Introduction to Binswanger's Dream and Existence and Mental Illness and Personality) laid the ground for his later work. Moving on to Foucault's work during the 1960s, we look at the core features and methodological bases of his 1961 classic Folie et déraison (History of Madness). His propositions regarding the "absence of madness" in modernity are conceptualized as an inherently contradictory attempt to liberate the topic under study from the common assumptions at that time. We then situate his 1973/74 lectures on Psychiatric Power in the context of his shift towards analyzing the dynamics of power and highlight the renewed shift of focus in his statements on the "productivity" of madness as an effect of power. Finally, we sum up our critique by taking into account the history of the reception of Foucault's writings and ask about their potential significance for the contemporary philosophy and history of psychiatry.

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On Historicity and Transcendentality Again. Foucault’s Trajectory from Existential Psychiatry to Historical Epistemology

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Individual perception and cultural development: Foucault’s 1954 approach to mental illness and its history.

Individual perception and cultural development: Foucault’s 1954 approach to mental illness and its history.

Psychology and the historical power–body conjunction: Foucault’s different view of the history and philosophy of psychology

Existence, Absence and Power of Madness: A Critical Review of Michel Foucault’s Writings on the History and Philosophy of Madness

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