On improving the corrosion and growth resistance of positive Pb-acid battery grids by grain boundary engineering

Lehockey, E. M.; Limoges, D; Palumbo, G.; Sklarchuk, J.; Tomantschger, K.; Vincze, Á.

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(99)00015-4

Cited by 79 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In particular, the goal of grain boundary engineering is to control the fraction of special boundaries that are characterized by a low reciprocal density of coinciding sites, Σ, of the coincident site lattice (CSL). Coherent Σ3 CSL boundaries have lower energies than ordinary grain boundaries and therefore possess some beneficial properties [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…recrystallization, which frequently takes place during annealing at elevated temperatures. It has been shown that fractions of Σ3 n CSL boundaries well above 0.5 in austenitic stainless steels can be easily obtained by high-temperature annealing after cold straining to low values of 3-5% [6,7]. The annealed microstructures are characterized by a large fraction of Σ3 n grain clusters and an effective interruption of the connectivity of the random high-angle boundary network by twin-related boundaries [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Σ3 CSL boundary distributions in an austenitic stainless steel subjected to multidirectional forging followed by annealing

Tikhonova

Kuzminova

Fang

et al. 2014

Philosophical Magazine

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The effect of processing and annealing temperatures on the grain boundary characters in the ultrafine-grained structure of a 304-type austenitic stainless steel was studied. An S304H steel was subjected to multidirectional forging (MDF) at 500-800°C to total strains of~4, followed by annealing at 800-1,000°C for 30 min. The MDF resulted in the formation of ultrafine-grained microstructures with mean grain sizes of 0.28-0.85 μm depending on the processing temperature. The annealing behaviour of the ultrafine-grained steel was characterized by the development of continuous post-dynamic recrystallization including a rapid recovery followed by a gradual grain growth. The post-dynamically recrystallized grain size depended on both the deformation temperature and the annealing temperature. The recrystallization kinetics was reduced with an increase in the temperature of the preceding deformation. The grain growth during post-dynamic recrystallization was accompanied by an increase in the fraction of Σ3 n CSL boundaries, which was defined by a relative change in the grain size, i.e. a ratio of the annealed grain size to that evolved by preceding warm working (D/D 0 ). The fraction of Σ3 n CSL boundaries sharply rose to approximately 0.5 in the range of D/D 0 from 1 to 5, which can be considered as early stage of continuous post-dynamic recrystallization. Then, the rate of increase in the fraction of Σ3 n CSL boundaries slowed down significantly in the range of D/D 0 > 5. A fivefold increase in the grain size by annealing is a necessary condition to obtain approximately 50% Σ3 n CSL boundaries in the recrystallized microstructure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Σ3 CSL boundary distributions in an austenitic stainless steel subjected to multidirectional forging followed by annealing

Tikhonova

Kuzminova

Fang

et al. 2014

Philosophical Magazine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[16][17][18][19] However, materials amenable to this thermomechanical processing strategy are mostly limited to those that readily form annealing twins and exhibit appreciable plasticity. Furthermore, even for this class of materials, successful processing recipes have been developed through empirical iteration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Texture mediated grain boundary network design in two dimensions

Johnson

Schuh

2016

J. Mater. Res.

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While materials design in the context of texture dependent properties is well developed, theoretical tools for microstructure design in the context of grain boundary sensitive properties have not yet been established. In the present work, we present an invertible relationship between texture and grain boundary network structure for the case of spatially uncorrelated twodimensional textures. By exploiting this connection, we develop mathematical tools that permit the rigorous optimization of grain boundary network structure. Using a specific multi-objective materials design case study involving elastic, plastic and kinetic properties, we illustrate the utility of this texture mediated approach to grain boundary network design. We obtain a microstructure that minimizes grain boundary network diffusivity while simultaneously improving yield strength by an amount equal to half of the theoretically possible range. The theoretical tools developed here could complement experimental grain boundary engineering efforts to help accelerate the discovery of materials with improved performance.

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“…For example hydrogen embrittlement [1], corrosion [2], creep [3], weldability [4], and superconductivity [5] all depend strongly on the structure and spatial arrangement of grain boundaries in the microstructure. Great effort has been invested by the scientific community to correlate grain boundary structure and properties, but simple constitutive relations have been elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferring grain boundary structure–property relations from effective property measurements

Johnson

Demkowicz

et al. 2015

J Mater Sci

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Grain boundaries strongly affect many materials properties in polycrystalline materials. However, very few structure-property models exist for grain boundaries, due in large part to the complicated and poorly understood way in which the properties of grain boundaries vary with their crystallographic structure. In the present work, we infer grain boundary structure-property correlations from measurements of the effective properties of a polycrystal. We refer to this approach as grain boundary properties localization. We apply this technique to a simple model system of grain boundary diffusivity in a two-dimensional microstructure, and infer the properties of low-and highangle grain boundaries from the effective diffusivity of the grain boundary network. The generalization and use of these methods could greatly reduce the computational and experimental effort required to establish structure-property correlations for grain boundaries. More broadly, the technique of properties localization could be used to infer the properties of many microstructural constituents in complex microstructures.

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On improving the corrosion and growth resistance of positive Pb-acid battery grids by grain boundary engineering

Cited by 79 publications

References 11 publications

Σ3 CSL boundary distributions in an austenitic stainless steel subjected to multidirectional forging followed by annealing

Σ3 CSL boundary distributions in an austenitic stainless steel subjected to multidirectional forging followed by annealing

Texture mediated grain boundary network design in two dimensions

Inferring grain boundary structure–property relations from effective property measurements

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