On Inertia Distribution, Inter-Area Oscillations and Location of Electronically-Interfaced Resources

Pulgar-Painemal, Héctor; Wang, Yajun; Silva-Saravia, Horacio

doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2017.2688921

Cited by 120 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is worth mentioning that, in addition to the size, the location of wind turbines with FAPI and geographical situations like wind speed might be an alternative criterion for impacting the dynamic performance of the system. According to the finding in [39], it is better to have the PEIG units in proximity to low-inertia regions and far from the center of inertia in the system. Furthermore, as reported in [40], when the wind speed is low, the contribution of FAPI controller (time duration and proportional gains) should be accordingly reduced in coherence with the available kinetic energy and if the speed is very low below rated operation, FAPI should not be activated to avoid stalling.…”

Section: Simulation Results With Gb Test Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

FAPI Controller for Frequency Support in Low-Inertia Power Systems

Rakhshani

Perilla

Rueda

et al. 2020

IEEE Open J. Power Energy

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This paper presents different forms of Fast Active Power Injection (FAPI) control schemes for the analysis and development of different mitigation measures to address the frequency stability problem due to the growth of the penetration level of the Power Electronic Interfaced Generation (PEIG) in sustainable interconnected energy systems. Among the studied FAPI control schemes, two different approaches in the form of a derivative-based control and a virtual synchronous power (VSP) based control for wind turbine applications are also proposed. All schemes are attached to the PEIG represented by a generic model of wind turbines type 4. The derivative-based FAPI control is applied as an extension of the droop based control scheme, which is dependent on the measurement of the network frequency. By contrast, the proposed VSP-based FAPI is fed by the measurement of the active power deviation. Additionally, unlike existing approaches for virtual synchronous machines, which are characterized by high-order transfer functions, the proposed VSP-based FAPI is defined by a second-order transfer function, which can contribute to fast mitigation of the system primary frequency deviations during containment period. The Great Britain (GB) test system, for the Gone-Green planning scenario for the year 2030 (GG2030), is used to evaluate the effects of the proposed FAPI controllers on the dynamics of the system frequency within the frequency containment period. Thanks to proposed FAPI controllers, it is possible to reach up to 70% for the share of wind power generation without violating the threshold limits for frequency stability. For verification purposes, a full-scale wind turbine facilitated with each FAPI controller is tested in EMT real-time simulation environment.

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Section: Simulation Results With Gb Test Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

FAPI Controller for Frequency Support in Low-Inertia Power Systems

Rakhshani

Perilla

Rueda

et al. 2020

IEEE Open J. Power Energy

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“…The other synchronous units in the system were modeled with a round rotor machine (GENROU), AC exciter (IEEEX1), turbine governor (IEEEG1) and a power system stabilizer (IEE2ST). To represent the equivalent frequency of the system, a center of inertia (COI) reference frequency is used as the monitoring frequency for comparison of different scenarios [21].…”

Section: Case Studies and Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Control Approach for Wind Turbine Generators to Provide Fast Frequency Response with Guarantee of Rotor Security

Wang

Tomsovic

2018

2018 IEEE Power &Amp; Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)

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Wind generation is expected to reach substantially higher levels of penetration in the near future. With the converter interface, the rotor inertia of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbine generator is effectively decoupled from the system, causing a reduction in inertial response. This can be compensated by enabling the DFIG to provide fast frequency response. This paper proposes a quantitative control approach for DFIG to deliver fast frequency response in the inertial response time scale. A supplementary power surge function is added to the active power reference of DFIG. The exact amount of power surge that is available from DFIG-based wind turbine is quantified based on estimation of maximum extractable energy. Moreover, the operational constraints such as rotor limits and converter over-load limit are considered at the same time. Thus, the proposed approach not only provides adequate inertial response but also ensures the rotor speed is kept within a specified operating range. Rotor safety is guaranteed without the need for an additional rotor speed protection scheme.

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“…Similarly, different disturbances can provide different solutions. This shows that the chance-constrained optimization in (11) is needed to solve the DRP problem. Figure 2 is obtained using the exact calculation of the total action for the ESS connected at each bus at a time.…”

Section: A Preliminary Deterministic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chance-constrained optimal location of damping control actuators under wind power variability

Silva-Saravia¹,

Pulgar-Painemal²,

Zaretzki

2018

2018 IEEE International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)

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This paper proposes a new probabilistic energybased method to determine the optimal installation location of electronically-interfaced resources (EIRs) considering dynamic reinforcement under wind variability in systems with high penetration of wind power. The oscillation energy and total action are used to compare the dynamic performance for different EIR locations. A linear approximation of the total action critically reduces the computational time from hours to minutes. Simulating an IEEE-39 bus system with 30% of power generation sourced from wind, a chance-constrained optimization is carried out to decide the location of an energy storage system (ESS) adding damping to the system oscillations. The results show that the proposed method, selecting the bus location that guarantees the best dynamic performance with highest probability, is superior to both traditional dominant mode analysis and arbitrary benchmarks for damping ratios.

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On Inertia Distribution, Inter-Area Oscillations and Location of Electronically-Interfaced Resources

Cited by 120 publications

References 15 publications

FAPI Controller for Frequency Support in Low-Inertia Power Systems

FAPI Controller for Frequency Support in Low-Inertia Power Systems

Quantitative Control Approach for Wind Turbine Generators to Provide Fast Frequency Response with Guarantee of Rotor Security

Chance-constrained optimal location of damping control actuators under wind power variability

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