On‐Line Electrochemistry/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (EC/ESI‐MS) for the Generation and Identification of Nucleotide Oxidation Products

Baumann, A.; Lohmann, Wiebke; Jahn, Sandra; Kärst, Uwe

doi:10.1002/elan.200900358

Cited by 43 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…We refer the interested reader to a selection of published reviews pertaining to electrospray ionization and/or EC/ESI coupling available elsewhere . The focus in the current paper is kept on features of electrochemistry/ electrospray that have been largely neglected but might be important for analytical practice, especially if one considers how the development of electrochemical derivatization of analytes has become an established and fruitful method [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective on Electrospray Ionization and Its Relation to Electrochemistry

Pozniak

Cole

2015

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A VAbstract. The phenomenon of electrospraying of liquids is presented from the perspective of the electrochemistry involved. Basics of current and liquid flow in the capillary and spray tip are discussed, followed by specifics of charging and discharging of the sprayed liquid surface. Fundamental theories and numerical modeling relating electrospray current to solution and spray parameters are described and then compared with our own experimentally obtained data. The method of mapping potentials and currents inside the electrospray capillary by using an inserted electrically-isolated small wire probe electrode is discussed in detail with illustrations from new and published data. Based on these experimentally obtained results, a new mathematical model is derived. The introduced "nonlinear resistor electrospray capillary model" divides the electrospray capillary into small sections, adds their contributions, and then, by transition to infinitely small section thickness, produces analytical formulas that relate current and potential maps to other properties of the electrospraying liquid: primarily conductivity and current density. The presentation of the model is undertaken from an elementary standpoint, and it offers the possibility to obtain quantitative information regarding operating parameters from typical analytical systems subjected to electrospray. The model stresses simplicity and ease of use; examples applying experimental data are shown and some predictions of the model are also presented. The developed nonlinear resistor electrospray capillary model is intended to provide a new quantitative basis for improving the understanding of electrochemical transformations occurring in the electrospray emitter. A supplemental material section gives full derivation of the model and discusses other consequences.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective on Electrospray Ionization and Its Relation to Electrochemistry

Pozniak

Cole

2015

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…Electrochemistry helps also to predict the group which is most susceptible to oxidation in the test compound, and this corresponds closely to the results obtained in vivo [33]. The electrochemical oxidation is most often performed on a glassy carbon (GC) boron doped diamond, gold, or platinum working electrode supported with potentiostat, reference, and counter electrode [34,35].…”

Section: Methods Used In Drug Metabolism Studiesmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Unfortunately, the method fails when isomeric degradation products of the test drug are formed. Then, it is necessary to obtain the separation of metabolites using liquid chromatography [35][36][37]. On the other hand, the method allows the direct detection of reactive metabolites when coupled with liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS).…”

Section: Methods Used In Drug Metabolism Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalysis combined with chromatographic methods as a new promising tool in drug metabolism studies – a review

Gawlik

Skibiński

Trawiński

et al. 2018

Acta Chromatographica

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The number of new drugs launched to the market is constantly increasing; however, the metabolism of many of them is still not fully established. The knowledge of drug metabolism pathways is crucial for the efficacy and safety of therapies and, in classical approach, requires the use of animals as well as human volunteers, but this kind of research is expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, nowadays, more and more biological and chemical in vitro methods are developed for the drug metabolism study. This review is focused on the photocatalytic degradation of chemicals and the application of this process in chromatographic methods of drug metabolism research. A theoretical background of photocatalysis and all its applications in a drug metabolism study were reviewed, and other in vitro methods that are actually used were summarized and discussed. Other analytical methods used in this area were also discussed and compared.

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“…However, the presence of multiple hydroxylated oxidation products of TRI in the thin-layer flow cell is highly possible. Multiple hydroxylated species of nucleotides have been observed when using a similar setup with the same electrode, albeit at both higher pH and potential [35]. Electron transfer from TRI to the electrode surface may not be the only mechanism responsible for the formation of TRI oxidation products in the BBD electrode; OH• radicals most probably intervened in their formation as well.…”

Section: Thin-layer Flow Cell Coupled Online To High-resolution Mass mentioning

confidence: 96%

Electrochemistry-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry to Study Oxidation Products of Trimethoprim

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The study of the fate of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs), especially the identification of transformation products, after water treatment or in the aquatic environment, is a topic of growing interest. In recent years, electrochemistry coupled to mass spectrometry has attracted a lot of attention as an alternative technique to investigate oxidation metabolites of organic compounds. The present study used different electrochemical approaches, such as cyclic voltammetry, electrolysis, electro-assisted Fenton reaction coupled offline to high resolution mass spectrometry and thin-layer flow cell coupled online to high resolution mass spectrometry, to study oxidation products of the anti-infective trimethoprim, a contaminant of emerging concern frequently reported in wastewaters and surface waters. Results showed that mono-and di-hydroxylated derivatives of trimethoprim were generated in electrochemically and possibly tri-hydroxylated derivatives as well. Those compounds have been previously reported as mammalian and bacterial metabolites as well as transformation products of advance oxidation processes applied to waters containing trimethoprim. Therefore, this study confirmed that electrochemical techniques are relevant not only to mimic specific biotransformation reactions of organic contaminants, as it has been suggested previously, but also to study the oxidation reactions of organic contaminants of interest in water treatment. The key role that redox reactions play in the environment make electrochemistry-high resolution mass spectrometry a sensitive and simple technique to improve our understanding of the fate of organic contaminants in the environment.

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On‐Line Electrochemistry/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (EC/ESI‐MS) for the Generation and Identification of Nucleotide Oxidation Products

Cited by 43 publications

References 51 publications

Perspective on Electrospray Ionization and Its Relation to Electrochemistry

Perspective on Electrospray Ionization and Its Relation to Electrochemistry

Photocatalysis combined with chromatographic methods as a new promising tool in drug metabolism studies – a review

Electrochemistry-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry to Study Oxidation Products of Trimethoprim

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