On-road vehicle emissions of glyoxal and methylglyoxal from tunnel tests in urban Guangzhou, China

Wang, Xinming; Wen, Sheng; Herrmann, Hartmut; Yang, Weiqiang; Huang, Xinyu; Zhang, Zhou; Huang, Zhi‐Zhen; He, Quanfu; George, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.12.017

Cited by 47 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…33 EF Calculations for Individual Refrigerants. The average EF of individual refrigerants from vehicles passing through the tunnel during a time interval T is calculated as follows: 31,32…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leakage Rates of Refrigerants CFC-12, HCFC-22, and HFC-134a from Operating Mobile Air Conditioning Systems in Guangzhou, China: Tests inside a Busy Urban Tunnel under Hot and Humid Weather Conditions

Zhang

Yang

Huang

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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“…33 EF Calculations for Individual Refrigerants. The average EF of individual refrigerants from vehicles passing through the tunnel during a time interval T is calculated as follows: 31,32…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leakage Rates of Refrigerants CFC-12, HCFC-22, and HFC-134a from Operating Mobile Air Conditioning Systems in Guangzhou, China: Tests inside a Busy Urban Tunnel under Hot and Humid Weather Conditions

Zhang

Yang

Huang

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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“…The sources of carbonyl species in the troposphere are classified as primary or secondary. Carbonyls can be emitted directly from sources such as vehicular emissions, biomass burning, industrial activities, and biogenic emissions (Guenther et al 2012;Ho et al, 2007;Ma et al, 2016;Mason et al, 2001;Zhang et al, 2016). Secondary carbonyls are formed via the photochemical oxidation of VOCs, mainly via RO+O2 reactions (Yang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Brief Review Of Atmospheric Chemistry Of Carbonylsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other aspects, such as emission factors, have also been investigated. For example, to measure the on-road vehicle emissions of carbonyls, Ho et al (2007) and Zhang et al (2016) carried out measurements in tunnels in Hong Kong and Guangzhou, respectively. However, such investigations are relatively scarce in China.…”

Section: Field Observations Over Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaseous carbonyls in China's atmosphere: Tempo-spatial distributions, sources, photochemical formation, and impact on air quality

Zhang

Xue

Dong

et al. 2019

Atmospheric Environment

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Carbonyls are an important class of oxygenated volatile organic compounds that play a crucial role in tropospheric chemistry as intermediates in the formation of ozone (O3) and secondary organic aerosols. Over the last two decades, China's severe air pollution has led atmospheric chemists to devote substantial efforts to investigate the contribution of carbonyl compounds to the observed phenomena. This study reviews the major findings with regard to the gas-phase atmospheric chemistry of carbonyls in China, including their chemical compositions, temporal and spatial distributions, source apportionments, photochemical formation mechanisms, and impact on tropospheric oxidative capacity, air quality, and human health. Extremely high levels of carbonyls have frequently been observed in China's most rapidly developing regions, such as the North China Plain, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta, but observational data from other regions are relatively scarce. Primary emissions and photochemical formation are major sources of carbonyls. Alkenes, aromatics, and isoprene have been identified as major precursors on a national scale. In addition, an increasing number of studies has focused on the effects of carbonyls on O3 formation, radical chemistry, the formation of secondary organic aerosols, and human health. The photolysis of oxygenated volatile organic compounds was recognized as a dominant pathway to ROx production, which further influences O3 formation, mainly via HO2+NO or RO2+NO. Dicarbonyls (such as glyoxal and methylglyoxal) make important contributions to secondary organic aerosol formation via irreversible uptake by aqueous particles. Indoor and outdoor carbonyls often pose a significant threat to human health. This review also includes recommendations from the perspective of emissions, observations, photochemical formation mechanisms, and the effects of carbonyls to guide future research and provide scientific support for the formulation of mitigation policies to address photochemical air pollution.

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“…Globally, 55 % of CHO-CHO is produced by biogenic precursors, 27 % is from anthropogenic emissions, and the remaining 18 % is from pyrogenic emissions (Stavrakou et al, 2009b). Fires and vehicle exhausts are thought to be the only two sources which directly emit CHOCHO (Stavrakou et al, 2009b;Zhang et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected long-range transport of glyoxal and formaldehyde observed from the Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite during the 2018 Canadian wildfires

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Glyoxal (CHOCHO) and formaldehyde (HCHO) are intermediate products in the tropospheric oxidation of the majority of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). CHOCHO is also a precursor of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the atmosphere. CHOCHO and HCHO are released from biogenic, anthropogenic, and pyrogenic sources. CHOCHO and HCHO tropospheric lifetimes are typically considered to be short during the daytime at mid-latitudes (e.g. several hours), as they are rapidly removed from the atmosphere by their photolysis, oxidation by OH, and uptake on particles or deposition. At night and at high latitudes, tropospheric lifetimes increase to many hours or even days. Previous studies demonstrated that CHOCHO and HCHO vertical column densities (VCDs) are well retrieved from space-borne observations using differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS). In this study, we present CHOCHO and HCHO VCDs retrieved from measurements by TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument), launched on the Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) platform in October 2017. We observe strongly elevated amounts of CHOCHO and HCHO during the 2018 fire season in British Columbia, Canada, where a large number of fires occurred in August. CHOCHO and HCHO plumes from individual fire hot spots are observed in air masses travelling over distances of up to 1500 km, i.e. much longer than expected for the relatively short tropospheric lifetime expected for CHOCHO and HCHO. Comparison with simulations by the particle dispersion model FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model) indicates that effective lifetimes of 20 h and more are needed to explain the observations of CHOCHO and HCHO if they decay in an effective first-order process. FLEXPART used in the study calculates accurately the transport. In addition an exponential decay, in our case assumed to be photochemical, of a species along the trajectory is added. We have used this simple approach to test our assumption that CHOCHO and HCHO are created in the fires and then decay at a constant rate in the plume as it is transported. This is clearly not the case and we infer that CHOCHO and HCHO are either efficiently recycled during transport or continuously formed from the oxidation of longer-lived precursors present in the plume, or possibly a mixture of both. We consider the best explanation of the observed CHOCHO and HCHO VCD in the plumes of the fire is that they are produced by oxidation of longer-lived precursors, which were also released by the fire and present in the plume.

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On-road vehicle emissions of glyoxal and methylglyoxal from tunnel tests in urban Guangzhou, China

Cited by 47 publications

References 51 publications

Leakage Rates of Refrigerants CFC-12, HCFC-22, and HFC-134a from Operating Mobile Air Conditioning Systems in Guangzhou, China: Tests inside a Busy Urban Tunnel under Hot and Humid Weather Conditions

Leakage Rates of Refrigerants CFC-12, HCFC-22, and HFC-134a from Operating Mobile Air Conditioning Systems in Guangzhou, China: Tests inside a Busy Urban Tunnel under Hot and Humid Weather Conditions

Gaseous carbonyls in China's atmosphere: Tempo-spatial distributions, sources, photochemical formation, and impact on air quality

Unexpected long-range transport of glyoxal and formaldehyde observed from the Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite during the 2018 Canadian wildfires

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