On-site mercury-contaminated soils remediation by using thermal desorption technology

Chang, Ting‐Yung; Yen, Jui-Hung

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.07.053

Cited by 91 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Exposures of 200 -850°C have been observed in soils during wildfires (Certini, 2005;DeBano, 2000;Mataix-Solera and Doerr, 2004;Rein et al, 2008). Moderate (300-400°C) and high (>450°C) temperature processes, such as hot water extraction, thermal desorption, soil heated vapour extraction, incineration or smouldering are widely used to treat contaminated soils (Araruna Jr et al, 2004;Chang and Yen, 2006;Gan et al, 2009;Kronholm et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2008;McGowan et al, 1996;Pironi et al, 2011;Pironi et al, 2009;Switzer et al, 2009;Webb and Phelan, 1997). Previous studies on the effects of non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contamination on soil properties shows a net reduction in soil stability as NAPL content increases (Khamehchiyan et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most research on soil remediation techniques focuses on the remediation result and less on the effects the technique has on the soil properties itself. In some cases, the effects on soil properties may be a criterion for selection of the remediation technique (Chang and Yen, 2006;Pironi et al, 2011) or the soil properties may influence the results (Webb and Phelan, 1997). There is little research on the effects of thermal remediation processes on soil physical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current transforms the groundwater and soil water into steam which in turn evaporates any harmful chemicals. The vapours are collected and treated or disposed (Araruna Jr et al, 2004;Chang and Yen, 2006). Hot water extraction uses pre-heated and pressurised water, which is injected into the soil, to extract and react with the targeted chemicals (Kronholm et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maximum temperatures for these technologies are typically adjacent to the heat source with more moderate target temperatures of 80-100 o C achieved within the wider treatment zone. The contaminant must be collected and treated (Chang and Yen, 2006;Gan et al, 2009;Kronholm et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2008;McGowan et al, 1996;Webb and Phelan, 1997). These processes maintain high temperatures in the soil for weeks to months or longer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of high temperature processes on physical properties of silica sand

Zihms

Switzer

Irvine

et al. 2013

Engineering Geology

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/44144/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the Strathprints administrator: strathprints@strath.ac.ukThe Strathprints institutional repository (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk) is a digital archive of University of Strathclyde research outputs. It has been developed to disseminate open access research outputs, expose data about those outputs, and enable the management and persistent access to Strathclyde's intellectual output. AbstractHigh temperature processes may alter soil properties, creating potential risks of subsidence, erosion and other hazards. Soils may be exposed to high temperatures during some aggressive contaminant remediation processes as well as natural events such as fires. Characterising the effects of high temperatures on soil properties is essential to understanding the potential hazards that may arise after exposure. Thermal treatment and smouldering remediation were carried out on silica sand used here as a simple soil. Changes observed in physical properties were associated with the treatment type and exposure temperature. Particle, minimum and maximum densities were independent of heat treatment type and temperature. In contrast, particle size distribution, mineralogy, capillary rise, and hydraulic conductivity were linked to treatment type and exposure temperature with the most substantial changes associated with smouldering remediation. Changes in colour and mass loss with increasing temperature suggest changes within the crystal structure of the silica sand beyond loss of moisture content within the pore space and dehydration of iron deposits from goethite to hematite. Based on these observations, exposure to high temperature processes and the complex geo-chemical reactions during smouldering remediation can have significant effects on soil properties. Monitoring after exposure is advisable to determine the severity of exposure and any mitigation measures that may be necessary.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of high temperature processes on physical properties of silica sand

Zihms

Switzer

Irvine

et al. 2013

Engineering Geology

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“…mercury wastes from the chlor-alkali process), almost all studies have focused on optimizing operating conditions at pilot and industrial scale [11][12][13][14][15]. Very few studies have been published on reaction mechanisms that may represent mercury behaviour during the thermal treatment [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation on the modelling of kinetics of thermal decomposition of hazardous mercury wastes

Busto

Peralta

Cabrera

et al. 2013

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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h i g h l i g h t s• A reaction mechanism of thermal treatment of hazardous mercury waste is postulated.• The kinetic model for the thermal decomposition of mercury solid waste is deduced.• A methodology to investigate reaction order models in solid systems is proposed.• The thermal decomposition of mercury waste is described by two modelling approaches. a r t i c l e i n f o t r a c tThe kinetics of mercury removal from solid wastes generated by chlor-alkali plants were studied. The reaction order and model-free method with an isoconversional approach were used to estimate the kinetic parameters and reaction mechanism that apply to the thermal decomposition of hazardous mercury wastes. As a first approach to the understanding of thermal decomposition for this type of systems (poly-disperse and multi-component), a novel scheme of six reactions was proposed to represent the behaviour of mercury compounds in the solid matrix during the treatment. An integration-optimization algorithm was used in the screening of nine mechanistic models to develop kinetic expressions that best describe the process. The kinetic parameters were calculated by fitting each of these models to the experimental data. It was demonstrated that the D 1 -diffusion mechanism appeared to govern the process at 250• C and high residence times, whereas at 450 • C a combination of the diffusion mechanism (D 1 ) and the third order reaction mechanism (F 3 ) fitted the kinetics of the conversions. The developed models can be applied in engineering calculations to dimension the installations and determine the optimal conditions to treat a mercury containing sludge.

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Mercury removal from spent low‐level mercury catalyst by thermal treatment

Liu

Ping

et al. 2021

Can J Chem Eng

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Spent low-level mercury catalyst (SLMC) from the polyvinyl chloride industry is a mercury-containing hazardous waste. Thermal treatment technology was used to detoxify SLMC and recover mercury in this paper. Effects of flow rate of nitrogen, treatment temperature, and time on mercury removal efficiency were estimated 99.91% of total mercury was removed when SLMC was treated at 600 C for 30 min with 120 L/h of nitrogen. SLMC could be detoxified after being treated at 350 C for 120 min, 400 C for 60 min, or 450 C for 10 min based on the TCLP test. Migration rule of mercury during thermal treatment was analyzed by using improved sequential extraction procedure. Soluble and exchangeable mercury, and mercury combined with labile organics, were removed more easily than HgS and mercury combined with non-labile organics. Removal process of total mercury followed a first-order kinetic model. The experimental results may be useful for disposing of SLMC using thermal treatment in engineering practise.

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On-site mercury-contaminated soils remediation by using thermal desorption technology

Cited by 91 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of high temperature processes on physical properties of silica sand

Effects of high temperature processes on physical properties of silica sand

An investigation on the modelling of kinetics of thermal decomposition of hazardous mercury wastes

Mercury removal from spent low‐level mercury catalyst by thermal treatment

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