Uncontrolled industrialization not
only caused irreparable damage
to the surrounding ecological environments, especially water resources,
but also seriously threatened human health. How to sensitively detect
toxic pollutants in the hydrological system is a prerequisite for
protecting human life. The luminescent metal–organic frameworks
(LMOFs) have excellent applications in this field. Herein, four Zn-MOFs,
namely [Zn3(dpcp)2(1,4′-bmib)2]n (1), {[Zn4(dpcp)2(4,4′-bibp)2(μ2-O)4]·3H2O}n (2), [Zn(2-ata)(bidpe)]n (3), and [Zn(bbibp)(HCOO)2]n (4) (dpcp = 3-(3,5-dicarboxylphenoxy)-5-carboxylpyridine,
2-ata = 2-aminoterephthalic acid, 1,4′-bmib = 1,4-bis(2-methylimidazol-1-yl)
butane, 4,4′-bibp = 4,4′-bis(imidazolyl) biphenyl, bbibp
= 4,4′-bis(benzoimidazo-1-ly) biphenyl, bidpe = 4,4′-bis(lmidazolyl)diphenyl
ether), were synthesized by solvothermal method and characterized
by single crystal X-ray diffraction. For tetracycline, o-nitro phenol, Cr2O7
2– and
Fe3+, 1–4 have different
degrees of fluorescence quenching effect and exhibit good sensitivity
and high-selective detection of the above analytes in the presence
of multiple interference species (such as antibiotics, amino acids,
metal ions and inorganic ions). Additionally, the heat map and principal
component analysis plot visually represent the selective detection
effect of Fe3+, Cr2O7
2– and tetracycline by 1–4. Besides, 3 can detect PO4
3– and Al3+ independently with high selectivity from homogeneous pollutants
through the fluorescence enhancement phenomenon. This work offers
insight into exploring the potential applications of zinc-based MOFs
in the chemical sensing field.