On-site testing of multiple drugs of abuse in urine by a miniature dual-LIT mass spectrometer

Kang, Manqing; Zhang, Wanru; Dong, Linpei; Ren, Xinxin; Zhu, Yin; Wang, Zhen-Hua; Liang, Li-jun; Xue, Jinfeng; Zhang, Yunfeng; Zhang, Wenpeng; Ouyang, Zheng

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2019.12.028

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The latest miniature Mini MS systems, such as the Mini 12 [ 79 ] and the dual-LIT MS [ 80 ], present a huge opportunity for POC applications [ 85 , 86 ]. Unlike unknown profiling using lab-scale instruments, the POC miniature MS systems aim on targeted analysis, such as analyzing biomarkers directly from biological samples, and the whole analysis procedures are technically accessible to nurse and physician in office or the patients themselves.…”

Section: Ms Miniaturization: a Necessary Step To On-site Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in on-site mass spectrometry analysis for clinical applications

Zhou¹,

Zhang²,

Ouyang³

2022

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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In recent years, mass spectrometry (MS) is increasingly attracting interests for clinical applications, which also calls for technical innovations to make a transfer of MS from conventional analytical laboratories to clinics. The system design and analysis procedure should be friendly for novice users and appliable for on-site clinical diagnosis. In addition, the analysis result should be auto-interpreted and reported in formats much simpler than mass spectra. This motivates new ideas for developments in all the aspects of MS. In this review, we report recent advances of direct sampling ionization and miniature MS system, which have been developed targeting clinical and even point-of-care analysis. We also discuss the trend of the development and provide perspective on the technical challenges raised by diseases such as coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Ms Miniaturization: a Necessary Step To On-site Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in on-site mass spectrometry analysis for clinical applications

Zhou¹,

Zhang²,

Ouyang³

2022

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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“…Portable MS is another significant advance for MS application at POC. In the last decade, several miniature MS devices have been revealed for coupling ambient ionization with direct analysis of substances such as backpack miniature MS (Kang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Ii2 Miniature Mass Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the use of some of these drugs has been legalized in some countries and laws have been established for this purpose. For instance, the law of driving under the effect of drug in the United States that requires highly effective on-site quantitative testing in biological specimens (Kang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updates in Chemical Analysis of Drugs of Abuse

Abdelaal

2021

Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine

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Introduction: Drug abuse is a worldwide crisis, and illicit drug testing is widely applied daily both clinically and forensically. Gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) is the traditional confirmatory gold standard for drug testing and is used for non-targeted substance screening, however, it is limited to volatile non-polar compounds. Liquid chromatographytandem MS (LC-tandem-MS) has become a new gold standard for its ability to identify more types of analytes (polar and non-polar). In contrast to GC-MS, it is not suited for non-targeted drug screening as different optimal parameters are set for each drug. Aim: Describe the advanced techniques for testing illicit substances and then, recommend the most appropriate ones for point of care (POC) settings. Results: High-resolution-MS (HRMS) such as time of flight MS (Tof-MS), made the analysis of compounds of same molecular masses but with different formulas possible. Quadrupole Tof-MS is suited for non-targeted substance screening. Another novel technology is the emergence of miniature ambient ionization MS, that is portable and can analyze unprepared samples in native environment within one minute. Ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) is another advance that can identify compounds including isomers with high resolution within seconds and portable devices are available. Portable Raman and near infrared (NIR) spectrometers have allowed fast screening for drugs and have been efficiently used for other on-site forensic applications. Hence, these advanced techniques are promising for quick detection of illicit drugs in a POC setting. Conclusion: HRMS is an accurate comprehensive method for qualitative and quantitative testing in laboratory settings. Miniature ambient ionization MS is very rapid with no sample preparation, but it is more expensive than other alternatives in POC testing. Thus, the best methods for POC drug testing are portable IMS, portable Raman spectrometer, and handheld NIR spectrometer for their accurate, easy, and quick analysis within seconds with affordable costs.

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“…The development of ambient ionization methods without sample preparation or separation such as desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) [ 10 , 11 ], direct analysis in real-time (DART) [ 11 , 12 ], photoionization (PI) [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], low temperature plasma (LTP) [ 16 , 17 ], paper spray ionization (PSI) [ 18 , 19 ], further paved the way for MS technology from the laboratory use to onsite applications. The feasibility of combining these ambient ionization methods and miniaturized ion trap mass spectrometer for rapid on-site illegal drugs detection has been demonstrated [ 13 , 14 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. However, it normally requires the use of special consumables such as solvent and inert gas, which largely restrain the application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable Digital Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer Based on Separate-Region Corona Discharge Ionization Source for On-Site Rapid Detection of Illegal Drugs

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Molecules

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As narcotic control has become worse in the past decade and the death toll of drug abuse hits a record high, there is an increasing demand for on-site rapid detection of illegal drugs. This work developed a portable digital linear ion trap mass spectrometer based on separate-region corona discharge ionization source to meet this need. A separate design of discharge and reaction regions was adopted with filter air as both carrier gas for the analyte and protection of the corona discharge needle. The linear ion trap was driven by a digital waveform with a low voltage (±100 V) to cover a mass range of 50–500 Da with a unit resolution at a scan rate of 10,000 Da/s. Eighteen representative drugs were analyzed, demonstrating excellent qualitative analysis capability. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was also performed by ion isolation and collision-induced dissociation (CID) with air as a buffer gas. With cocaine as an example, over two orders of magnitude dynamic range and 10 pg of detection limit were achieved. A single analysis time of less than 10 s was obtained by comparing the information of characteristic ions and product ions with the built-in database. Analysis of a real-world sample further validated the feasibility of the instrument, with the results benchmarked by GC-MS. The developed system has powerful analytical capability without using consumables including solvent and inert gas, meeting the requirements of on-site rapid detection applications.

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On-site testing of multiple drugs of abuse in urine by a miniature dual-LIT mass spectrometer

Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

Recent advances in on-site mass spectrometry analysis for clinical applications

Recent advances in on-site mass spectrometry analysis for clinical applications

Updates in Chemical Analysis of Drugs of Abuse

Portable Digital Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer Based on Separate-Region Corona Discharge Ionization Source for On-Site Rapid Detection of Illegal Drugs

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