On strong ground motion synthesis with k<sup>-2</sup>slip distributions

Gallovič, František; Brokešová, Johana

doi:10.1023/b:jose.0000021438.79877.58

Cited by 64 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Several methodologies have been proposed to generate spatial random k -2 slip distributions and have been used to model complexity of earthquake ruptures (e.g., Herrero and Bernard 1994;Bernard et al 1996;Mai and Beroza 2002;Gallovič and Brokešová 2004;Ruiz et al 2007). …”

Section: Stochastic Complex Earthquake Rupture Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical simulation of tsunami runup in northern Chile based on non-uniform k −2 slip distributions

et al. 2015

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A large seismic gap lies along northern Chile and could potentially trigger a M w * 8.8-9.0 megathrust earthquake as pointed out in several studies. The April 1, 2014, Pisagua earthquake broke the middle segment of the megathrust. Some slip models suggest that it ruptured mainly from a depth of 30 to 55 km along dip and over 180 km in length, reaching a magnitude M w 8.1-8.2. The northern and southern segments are still unbroken; thus, there is still a large area that could generate a M w [ 8.5 earthquake with a strong tsunami. To better understand the effects of source parameters on the impact of a tsunami in the near field, as a case study, we characterize earthquake size for a hypothetical and great seismic event, M w 9.0, in northern Chile. On the basis of physical earthquake source models, we generate stochastic k -2 finite fault slips taking into account the non-planar geometry of the megathrust in northern Chile. We analyze a series of random slip models and compute vertical co-seismic static displacements by adding up the displacement field from all point sources distributed over a regular grid mesh on the fault. Under the assumption of passive generation, the tsunami numerical model computes the runup along the shore. The numerical results show a maximum peak-runup of *35-40 m in the case of some heterogeneous slip models. Instead, the minimum runup along the coast, from the heterogeneous slip models tested, almost coincides with the runup computed from the uniform slip model. This latter assumption underestimates the runup by a factor of *6 at some places along the coast, showing agreement with near-field runups calculated by other authors using similar methodologies, but applied in a different seismotectonic context. The statistical estimate of empirical cumulative distribution functions conducted on two subsets 123Nat Hazards (2015) 79:1177-1198 DOI 10.1007/s11069-015-1901 of slips, and their respective runups, shows that slip models with large amount of slip near the trench are more probable to produce higher runups than the other subset. The simple separation criterion was to choose slip models that concentrate at least 60 % of the total seismic moment in the upper middle part of the non-planar rupture fault.

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Section: Stochastic Complex Earthquake Rupture Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several earthquake models have been proposed to describe the seismic source complexity (e.g., Andrews 1980;Herrero and Bernard 1994;Mai and Beroza 2002;Gallovič and Brokešová 2004;Ruiz et al 2007). In particular, Andrews (1980) proposed a stochastic source model to generate spatially heterogeneous slips.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of tsunami runup in northern Chile based on non-uniform k −2 slip distributions

et al. 2015

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“…In particular, we used the k-squared slip model (Herrero and Bernard 1994;Gallovic and Brokešová 2004) to compute the final slip distribution on the fault. For the DSM simulations, 2 slip distributions have been considered for each fault having magnitude M ≥ 6.5 (F1, F3, F5, F8, F9): one is characterized by a random slip distribution and the other one having an asperity located close to Potenza.…”

Section: Bedrock Scenarios At Levels 1 Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building damage scenarios based on exploitation of Housner intensity derived from finite faults ground motion simulations

Chiauzzi

Masi

Mucciarelli

et al. 2011

Bull Earthquake Eng

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In this paper earthquake damage scenarios for residential buildings (about 4200 units) in Potenza (Southern Italy) have been estimated adopting a novel probabilistic approach that involves complex source models, site effects, building vulnerability assessment and damage estimation through Damage Probability Matrices. Several causative faults of single seismic events, with magnitude up to 7, are known to be close to the town. A seismic hazard approach based on finite faults ground motion simulation techniques has been used to identify the sources producing the maximum expected ground motion at Potenza and to generate a set of ground motion time histories to be adopted for building damage scenarios. Additionally, site effects, evaluated in a previouswork through amplification factors of Housner intensity, have been combined with the bedrock values provided by hazard assessment. Furthermore, a new relationship between Housner and EMS-98 macroseismic intensity has been developed. This relationship has been used to convert the probability mass functions of Housner intensity obtained from synthetic seismograms amplified by the site effects coefficients into probability mass function of EMS-98 intensity. Finally, the Damage Probability Matrices have been applied to estimate the damage levels of the residential buildings located in the urban area of Potenza. The proposed methodology returns the full probabilistic distribution of expected damage, thus avoiding average damage index or uncertainties expressed in term of dispersion indexes

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“…The rupture process at the seismic source was described in terms of the slipping of elementary sub-sources of various sizes, randomly distributed on the fault plane. At low frequencies, the source was described by the representation theorem (Aki and Richards 1980), assuming a k-squared distribution (Herrero and Bernard 1994;Gallovič and Brokešhová 2004) for the final slip (integral approach). At high frequency, the ground-motion synthesis was obtained by summing the contributions from each individual sub-source (composite approach).…”

Section: Test and Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid estimation of ground-shaking maps for seismic emergency management in the Campania Region of southern Italy

et al. 2009

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Strong ground-shaking mapping soon after a moderate-to-large earthquake is crucial to recognize the areas that have suffered the largest damage and losses. These maps have a fundamental role for emergency services, loss estimation and planning of emergency actions by the Civil Protection Authorities. This is particularly important for areas with high seismic risk levels, such as the Campania-Lucania Region in southern Italy. Taking advantage of the Irpinia Seismic Network (ISNet), a recently installed dense and wide dynamic seismic network, we have developed a procedure for rapid estimation of ground-shaking maps after moderate-to-large earthquakes (GRSmap). This uses an optimal data gridding scheme designed to account for bi-dimensional features of strong groundmotion fields, such as directivity, radiation patterns and focal mechanisms, to which most damage can be correlated. The basis of the mapping technique is a triangulation procedure to locally correct predicted data at the triangle barycentres where their vertices correspond to seismic stations. The method has been tested off-line using a simulated M 6.6 earthquake located at the centre of ISNet and applied to data of the 23 November 1980 Irpina M 6.9 earthquake recorded by a sparse network. This has highlighted its ability to predict peak ground-motion parameters of large magnitude earthquakes with respect to the attenuation relationships.

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On strong ground motion synthesis with k^-2slip distributions

Cited by 64 publications

References 23 publications

Numerical simulation of tsunami runup in northern Chile based on non-uniform k −2 slip distributions

Numerical simulation of tsunami runup in northern Chile based on non-uniform k −2 slip distributions

Building damage scenarios based on exploitation of Housner intensity derived from finite faults ground motion simulations

Rapid estimation of ground-shaking maps for seismic emergency management in the Campania Region of southern Italy

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On strong ground motion synthesis with k-2slip distributions

Cited by 64 publications

References 23 publications

Numerical simulation of tsunami runup in northern Chile based on non-uniform k −2 slip distributions

Numerical simulation of tsunami runup in northern Chile based on non-uniform k −2 slip distributions

Building damage scenarios based on exploitation of Housner intensity derived from finite faults ground motion simulations

Rapid estimation of ground-shaking maps for seismic emergency management in the Campania Region of southern Italy

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On strong ground motion synthesis with k^-2slip distributions