On the age-specific correlation between fertility and female employment

Brehm, Uta; Engelhardt, Henriette

doi:10.4054/demres.2015.32.23

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Unfortunately, there is no equivalent method for implementing a similar strategy with only two groups. 11 See for instance and among many others, Prskawetz, Mamolo, and Engelhardt (2010) and Brehm and Engelhardt (2015). 12 The statistical significance of the coefficients is exactly the same, although the size of the coefficients might obviously change.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

The impact of the legalisation of abortion on birth outcomes in Uruguay

2018

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This study investigates the short-term impact on the quantity and quality of births of an abortion reform in Uruguay that legalised termination of pregnancy until the 12 week of pregnancy in the short run. We employ a differences-in-differences approach, comprehensive administrative records of births, and a novel identification strategy based on the planned or unplanned nature of pregnancies that came to term. Our results suggest that this policy change has led to an 8% decline in the number of births from unplanned pregnancies, driven by the group of mothers aged between 20 and 34 years old who have secondary education. This decline has triggered an increase in the average quality of births in terms of more intensive prenatal control care and a lower probability of births among single mothers. Furthermore, we document a positive selection process of births because of the reform, as adequate prenatal control care and Apgar scores rose among the affected demographic group.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

The impact of the legalisation of abortion on birth outcomes in Uruguay

2018

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“…The relationship between women's employment and fertility has become a central focus of social demographers interested in fertility variation in the postindustrial world. At the country level, the relationship between the female labor force participation rate and total fertility rate reversed direction in the 1990s, shifting from a negative to a positive association (Rindfuss and Brewster 1996;Ahn and Mira 2002;Sleebos 2003;Brehm and Engelhardt 2015).…”

Section: Theoretical Background: Married Women's Employment and Fertimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the individual level, the relationship between women's employment and fertility is more variable across country contexts (Oláh 2003;Kravdal and Rindfuss 2008;Klesment et al 2014;Brehm and Engelhardt 2015). Social demographers have focused on how the incompatibility between paid work and childrearing for married women may be lessened by greater gender equity within households (McDonald 2000a(McDonald , 2000b(McDonald , 2006(McDonald , 2013.…”

Section: Theoretical Background: Married Women's Employment and Fertimentioning

confidence: 99%

Babies, Work, or Both? Highly Educated Women’s Employment and Fertility in East Asia

Brinton

2019

American Journal of Sociology

142

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Highly educated women's likelihood of combining childrearing with continuous employment over the life course has increased among recent U.S. cohorts. This trend is less evident in many postindustrial countries characterized by very low fertility. Among such countries, Japan and Korea have exceptionally low proportions of women who remain employed after having children, despite aggressive government policies designed to encourage this. We draw on over 160 indepth interviews with highly educated Japanese and Korean men and women of childbearing age to uncover the central incompatibilities between married women's employment and childrearing. Individuals' narratives reveal how labor market structure and workplace norms contribute to a highly gendered household division of labor, leading many married women to either forsake employment or to consider having only one child.

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“… Observers also caution that one must avoid the ecological fallacy: it is not necessarily the case that it is employed women who are having more children and thus keeping national fertility rates at moderate levels (Brehm and Engelhardt ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Gender‐Role Ideology, Labor Market Institutions, and Post‐industrial Fertility

Brinton¹,

Lee²

2016

Population & Development Rev

101

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Fertility rates below population replacement level now characterize a broad swath of post-industrial societies, especially in Southern Europe and East Asia. This article offers a theoretical framework that gives primacy to the role of gender-essentialist norms and institutional variation in labor markets to explain variation in total fertility rates across 24 OECD countries over the past two decades. We demonstrate the variation in gender-role ideologies that characterize postindustrial countries and show how these country-level patterns interact with measures of labor market protection and the economic situation of young adult males to influence variation in TFRs. We provide evidence that interaction between gender-role ideologies and labor market institutions that reinforces men's role as breadwinners and women's role as caregivers (what we term gender-essentialist norms) is negatively related to post-industrial fertility.

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On the age-specific correlation between fertility and female employment

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

The impact of the legalisation of abortion on birth outcomes in Uruguay

The impact of the legalisation of abortion on birth outcomes in Uruguay

Babies, Work, or Both? Highly Educated Women’s Employment and Fertility in East Asia

Gender‐Role Ideology, Labor Market Institutions, and Post‐industrial Fertility

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