On the Assignment of Voltage Control Ancillary Service of Generators in Spain

Lobato, E.; Cerezo, Francisco Miguel Echavarren; Rodríguez, Luis Rouco

doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2006.888984

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Although the upper level problem minimizes the opportunity cost, it does not minimize the generator profits in the active power market. Due to the reactive power provision, generator provides (instead of ) to the system and its profit is given by (6). From (10), it follows that, for each value of and , the upper level problem maximizes generator profits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Active-Reactive Power Dispatch Under Competition via Bilevel Programming

Almeida

Senna²

2011

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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This paper proposes an active-reactive power dispatch procedure that is expressed via a bilevel optimization problem whose upper and lower level criteria are, respectively, the minimum opportunity cost and minimum offered price of active power. It analyzes the impact of minimizing such criteria on system operation, and it investigates the behavior of marginal prices and opportunity costs and their use in mechanisms to compensate generators for power provision. The bilevel problem is solved using a version of interior point methods derived for mathematical programs with complementarity constraints. Results obtained with three test systems are analyzed.Index Terms-Active-reactive power dispatch under competition, bilevel optimization, opportunity costs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If revenues are expressed in terms of , we have (6) where is the active power output of generator that is feasible to the AC network constraints.…”

Section: B Active and Reactive Power Dispatchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Active-Reactive Power Dispatch Under Competition via Bilevel Programming

Almeida

Senna²

2011

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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“…Every element u ∈ U is composed of the generators' output voltages, the capacitor banks' or FACTS' reactive power injections and the tap settings. To model a real system, some of those control actions should be discrete variables, as in [16], for example. However, as the use of discrete and continuous variables would result in a mixedinteger non-linear programming problem, whose solution may be difficult to compute, we have considered only continuous control variables in our simulations.…”

Section: B Illustrative Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those are the minimization of active power losses P Losses i , the minimization of a quadratic sum of reactive power injections ( j∈T SOi Q 2 j ), and a linear combination of P Losses i and j∈T SOi Q 2 j . Such formulations of the objectives are commonly used in the literature to describe operational objectives of TSOs (see for example [16], [17], [18], [19]) but others, like transmission capacity or voltage stability margin, could also be used [20], [21]. Those three types of cost function can be represented by the following objective function…”

Section: B Illustrative Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

A fair method for centralized optimization of multi-TSO power systems

Phulpin

Begović

Petit

et al. 2009

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems

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Abstract-This paper addresses the problem of centralized optimization of an interconnected power system partitioned into several regions controlled by different transmission system operators (TSOs). It is assumed that those utilities have agreed to transferring some of their competencies to a centralized control center, which is in charge of setting the control variables in the entire system to satisfy every utility's individual objective. This paper proposes an objective method for centralized optimization of such multi-TSO power systems, which relies on the assumption that each TSO has a real-valued optimization function focusing on its control area only. This method is illustrated on the IEEE 118 bus system partitioned into three TSOs. It is applied to the optimal reactive power dispatch problem, where the control variables are the voltage settings for generators and compensators. After showing that the method has some properties of fairness, namely freedom from envy, efficiency, accountability, and altruism, we emphasize its robustness with respect to certain biased behavior of the different TSOs.

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“…To model a real system, some of those control actions should be of a discrete nature, as in [16], for example. However, as considering discrete and continuous variables would result in mixed-integer nonlinear programming problems that are difficult to address, we have considered only continuous control variables in our simulations.…”

Section: A Centralized Control Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of network equivalents for voltage optimization in multi-area power systems

Phulpin

Begović

Petit

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE Power &Amp; Energy Society General Meeting

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Abstract-The paper addresses the problem of decentralized optimization for a power system partitioned into several areas controlled by different transmission system operators (TSOs). The optimization variables are the settings for taps, generators' voltages and compensators', and the objective function is either based on the minimization of reactive power support, the minimization of active power losses, or a combination of both criteria. We suppose that each TSO assumes an external network equivalent for its neighboring areas and optimizes without concern for the neighboring systems' objectives its own optimization function. We study, in the context where every TSO adopts the same type of objective function, the performance of an iterative scheme, where every TSO refreshes at each iteration the parameters of its external network equivalents depending on its past internal observations, solves its local optimization problem, and then, applies its "optimal actions" to the power system. In the context of voltage optimization, we find out that this decentralized control scheme can converge to nearly optimal global performance for relatively simple equivalents and simple procedures for fitting their parameters.Index Terms-Decentralized control, multi-TSO power system operation, network equivalent, reactive power scheduling, voltage management.

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On the Assignment of Voltage Control Ancillary Service of Generators in Spain

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Optimal Active-Reactive Power Dispatch Under Competition via Bilevel Programming

Optimal Active-Reactive Power Dispatch Under Competition via Bilevel Programming

A fair method for centralized optimization of multi-TSO power systems

Evaluation of network equivalents for voltage optimization in multi-area power systems

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