On the asynchronous information embedding for event-driven systems in molecular communications

Hsieh, Ya‐Ping; Lee, Yen-Chi; Shih, Po‐Jen; Yeh, Ping-Cheng; Chen, Kwang-Cheng

doi:10.1016/j.nancom.2012.11.001

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…2 and 4 we observe that the asymptotic tail probability converges to the actual probability if z is sufficiently large. Moreover, we observe a tail probability floor for low values of z, corresponding toF Z (z) = M X 2 (−b 2 1 /2) sincē F X 1 (z) ≈ 1 (see (15)). Unfortunately, for larger values of a and b this floor is very low (e.g., 1.25×10 −162 for a = b = 30) and, thus, the asymptotic tail probability approaches the actual probability at very low probability values.…”

Section: B Type-based Information Encodingmentioning

confidence: 81%

Normal Inverse Gaussian Approximation for Arrival Time Difference in Flow-Induced Molecular Communications

Haselmayr

Efrosinin

Guo

2017

IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi-Scale Commun.

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In this paper, we consider molecular communications in one-dimensional flow-induced diffusion channels with a perfectly absorbing receiver. In such channels, the random propagation delay until the molecules are absorbed follows an inverse Gaussian (IG) distribution and is referred to as first hitting time. Knowing the distribution for the difference of the first hitting times of two molecules is very important if the information is encoded by a limited set of molecules and the receiver exploits their arrival time and/or order. Hence, we propose a moment matching approximation by a normal inverse Gaussian (NIG) distribution and we derive an expression for the asymptotic tail probability. Numerical evaluations showed that the NIG approximation matches very well with the exact solution obtained by numerical convolution of the IG density functions. Moreover, the asymptotic tail probability outperforms state-of-the-art tail approximations.

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Section: B Type-based Information Encodingmentioning

confidence: 81%

Normal Inverse Gaussian Approximation for Arrival Time Difference in Flow-Induced Molecular Communications

Haselmayr

Efrosinin

Guo

2017

IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi-Scale Commun.

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“…Most of the works adopt synchronous mechanism, ie, time slots are used to transmit bits. Differently, the study of Hsieh et al propose an asynchronous method for MC. Various modulation methods of MC are investigated to fit the specific channel, including amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and phase modulation …”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various modulation methods of MC are investigated to fit the specific channel, including amplitude modulation, 17 frequency modulation, 18 and phase modulation. 16 Many recent literatures aim to improve the reliability performance in the area of MC. On one hand, numerous physical layer techniques are applied to pursue this goal.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where (n t − 1) indicates the previous adjacent slot of n t and (n t + 1) indicates the latter adjacent slot of n t . For Equation 16, if n t is 1, i.e., during the first transmitting slot, the term N I (n t − 1,n r ) is 0. Similar with the signal molecules, the quantity of ISI molecules can be expanded by molecular receiving probability, p(N I (n t − 1, n r ) + N I (n t + 1, n r ) = k 1 )…”

Section: Isi Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving reliability performance of diffusion‐based molecular communication with adaptive threshold variation algorithm

Mao

Liu

et al. 2016

Int J Communication

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SUMMARYIn this work, we investigate the communication reliability for diffusion-based molecular communication, using the indicator of bit error rate (BER). A molecular classified model is established to divide molecules into three parts, which are the signal, inter-symbol interference (ISI) and noise. We expand each part separately using molecular absorbing probability, and connect them by a traditional-like formula. Based on the classified model, we do a theoretical analysis to prove the feasibility of improving the BER performance. Accordingly, an adaptive threshold variation (ATV) algorithm is designed in demodulation to implement the goal, which makes the receiver adapt the channel condition properly through learning process. Moreover, the complexity of ATV is calculated and its performance in various noisy channel is discussed. An expression of Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) is defined to verify the system performance. We test some important parameters of the channel model, as well as the ATV algorithm in the simulation section. The results have shown the performance gain of the proposal.

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“…Therefore, we aim to design detection algorithms from the molecule counting process which exploits the arriving order of each molecule, instead of using the concentration distribution proposed in [12], [16]. Although in [17], information embedding and approximated channel capacity for asynchronous type-based systems has been proposed, modulation via molecule quantity and the corresponding detector design were not provided. In this paper, we first consider an intuitive method to detect the quantity-type-modulated molecular communication signal, that is, majority countinginformation bits or symbols are detected according to the type of molecules that counted the most.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asynchronous Threshold-Based Detection for Quantity-Type-Modulated Molecular Communication Systems

Lin

Lee

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi-Scale Commun.

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Diffusion-based molecular communication has become a promising scheme for communication between nanoscale devices, and various modulation schemes have recently been proposed, including type, quantity, and concentration modulation. In this paper, a novel approach of using both quantity and type of molecules to convey information is considered. An asynchronous threshold-based detection algorithm, called count-to-a-threshold (CTAT), is proposed and compared to the baseline detection approach of majority-counting (MC), which simply counts and compares the number of each type of molecule received. The MC detection algorithm, although straightforward and simple, cannot deliver satisfactory performance under the diffusion channel due to the randomness of the arriving time of molecules. On the other hand, the proposed CTAT detection, which exploits properties of the diffusion channel, greatly improves the performance of quantity-type-modulated diffusion-based molecular communication systems. Both simulations and theoretical analysis are conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed CTAT detection scheme with and without background noise. Based on the analysis, guidelines to design proper molecule quantities, bit intervals, and block sizes to optimize the CTAT detection system are provided.

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On the asynchronous information embedding for event-driven systems in molecular communications

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Normal Inverse Gaussian Approximation for Arrival Time Difference in Flow-Induced Molecular Communications

Normal Inverse Gaussian Approximation for Arrival Time Difference in Flow-Induced Molecular Communications

Improving reliability performance of diffusion‐based molecular communication with adaptive threshold variation algorithm

Asynchronous Threshold-Based Detection for Quantity-Type-Modulated Molecular Communication Systems

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