On the Benefits of Demand-based Planning and Configuration of Private 5G Networks

Bektas, Caner; Schüler, Cedrik; Falkenberg, Robert; Gorczak, Philipp; Böcker, Stefan; Wietfeld, Christian

doi:10.1109/vnc52810.2021.9644659

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Other work evaluates scenarios combining different technologies such as 5G-IoT [21], 5G-WiFi [22] or 5G-Openwifi [23]. Studies and tests of Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) applications in 5G scenarios using the Simu5G library have also been presented, such as [24], [25], [26], [27], but few works evaluate the operating thresholds of private 5G networks in industrial environments [14], [28], as they focus on the design and development of applications combining different wireless technologies with 5G communication [21], [22], [24], [25], or the development of novel applications such as F1TENTH, which enables 5G communication between road elements with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and autonomous racing cars [29].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the operating thresholds obtained from the simulations are evaluated and compared with those obtained in the laboratory using the same slot format in favour of UL and DL traffic. The slot formats used are 3 DL / 6 UL / 1 FL and 7 DL / 2 UL / 1 FL, the latter being the standard resource allocation used for applications with DL traffic preference [29]. Therefore, the 2 DL / 7 UL / 1 FL slot format could not be tested and analysed as it requires at least 3 slots for DL, 2 for the channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) and 1 for the synchronisation signal block (SSB), hence the 3 DL / 6 UL / 1 FL slot format is used.…”

Section: Tests Performedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are European Initiatives Related to Local Spectrum Allocation for Private 5G Networks Ready for Use in Industrial Cases?

Bartolín-Arnau,

Vera-Pérez,

Sempere-Payá

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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The introduction of the Factory of the Future has revolutionised the manufacturing sector through the integration of various technologies such as Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs), Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), cloud computing and cyber-physical control systems (CPCS). These advances have created the need to develop novel communication systems to support new industrial requirements. Therefore, the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G) has become one of the most relevant alternatives in this field. However, the current regulations in Europe and the spectrum reserved for private 5G may not be sufficient to meet the requirements of some of the industrial applications for which it was conceived. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the private 5G network to identify the performance thresholds according to the requirements set by the 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for the selected industrial scenarios. This work proposes a comprehensive analysis of the feasibility of private 5G infrastructures to meet the industrial requirements studied for different use cases proposed by 3GPP. For this purpose, laboratory tests have been carried out to analyse the performance of a 5G physical network infrastructure and the results were compared with those obtained after modelling different scenarios using Simu5G, a 5G simulator based on the OMNeT++ framework. The conclusions drawn from this work have shown that, although 5G technology is a key enabler for the industrial sector, there are European private spectrum reservation initiatives that do not have sufficient performance to meet the more restrictive requirements for different uses defined by 3GPP, and therefore need to be adapted to drive the adoption of new spectrum reservations for this type of private infrastructure in industry.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tests Performedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are European Initiatives Related to Local Spectrum Allocation for Private 5G Networks Ready for Use in Industrial Cases?

Bartolín-Arnau,

Vera-Pérez,

Sempere-Payá

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…Several studies have focused on this scenario. For instance, Bektas [13] presented an experiment analysing the need for FIGURE 4 5G non-public networks NPN [12] demand-based configuration and planning of such private 5G networks. Wen [14] provided a detailed review of 5G campus networks, focusing on implementation issues, key enabling technology, and use cases.…”

Section: Transport Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the introduction of high mmWave bandwidths, the attention to this technology has increased as a solution for meeting 5G requirements. Teyeb and Muhammad [41] pointed out in their study that 3GPP has been working on IAB since 2017, and it was FIGURE 13 IAB layout [19] standardised for Release (16), which was completed in mid-2020. Ronkainen and Edstam [42] stated that, in IAB, multi-hop backhauling can be provided by employing the same or different frequency bands for access and backhaul.…”

Section: Integrated Access and Backhaul (Iab)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Backhaul in 5G systems for developing countries: A literature review

2023

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The fifth-generation (5G) technology is seen to be a solution for developing countries to improve their quality of services in terms of transportation, education, health, agriculture, and other fields, thereby holding the promises of economic transformation by improving productivity and the quality of life. The paper considers some of the challenges that face operators, investors, and providers when planning to introduce 5G technology to developing countries. The main focus of this paper is the 5G transport network, in particular, the backhaul network. The 5G transport network architectural options and scenarios are discussed based on several standards and previous studies, the problems of existing infrastructures of developing countries are investigated, and new proposed technologies that may help to address those challenges are considered.1.

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“…An emerging communications paradigm that is well aligned with the private clouds in Section 2 is the paradigm of 5G campus networks [109][110][111][112]. Conventionally, cellular wireless networks are connected to the public Internet via gateway nodes.…”

Section: Future Research and Development Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ubi-Flex-Cloud: ubiquitous flexible cloud computing: status quo and research imperatives

Thyagaturu

Nguyen

Rimal

et al. 2022

ACI

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PurposeCloud computing originated in central data centers that are connected to the backbone of the Internet. The network transport to and from a distant data center incurs long latencies that hinder modern low-latency applications. In order to flexibly support the computing demands of users, cloud computing is evolving toward a continuum of cloud computing resources that are distributed between the end users and a distant data center. The purpose of this review paper is to concisely summarize the state-of-the-art in the evolving cloud computing field and to outline research imperatives.Design/methodology/approachThe authors identify two main dimensions (or axes) of development of cloud computing: the trend toward flexibility of scaling computing resources, which the authors denote as Flex-Cloud, and the trend toward ubiquitous cloud computing, which the authors denote as Ubi-Cloud. Along these two axes of Flex-Cloud and Ubi-Cloud, the authors review the existing research and development and identify pressing open problems.FindingsThe authors find that extensive research and development efforts have addressed some Ubi-Cloud and Flex-Cloud challenges resulting in exciting advances to date. However, a wide array of research challenges remains open, thus providing a fertile field for future research and development.Originality/valueThis review paper is the first to define the concept of the Ubi-Flex-Cloud as the two-dimensional research and design space for cloud computing research and development. The Ubi-Flex-Cloud concept can serve as a foundation and reference framework for planning and positioning future cloud computing research and development efforts.

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On the Benefits of Demand-based Planning and Configuration of Private 5G Networks

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Are European Initiatives Related to Local Spectrum Allocation for Private 5G Networks Ready for Use in Industrial Cases?

Are European Initiatives Related to Local Spectrum Allocation for Private 5G Networks Ready for Use in Industrial Cases?

Backhaul in 5G systems for developing countries: A literature review

Ubi-Flex-Cloud: ubiquitous flexible cloud computing: status quo and research imperatives

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