On the challenges of materials and electrochemical characterization of concentrated electrolytes for redox flow batteries

Fenton, Alexis M.; Jha, Rahul Kant; Neyhouse, Bertrand J.; Kaur, Aman Preet; Dailey, Daniel; Odom, Susan A.; Brushett, Fikile R.

doi:10.1039/d2ta00690a

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(201 reference statements)

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“…The need for battery performance and capacity retention evaluations using concentrated solutions of [(DMAE‐Pr) 2 ‐Vi]Cl 4 is recognized. Under these conditions, intermolecular interactions will result in differences in viscosity, diffusion coefficient, conductivity, electrode kinetics and degradation rates dependent on molecular aggregation mechanisms in respect to relatively diluted conditions [44] . The further implementation of the proposed negolyte will need to consider trade‐offs among the above mentioned properties and the accessible volumetric capacity in order to provide an assessment of technological potential.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hydroxylated Tetracationic Viologen based on Dimethylaminoethanol as a Negolyte for Aqueous Flow Batteries

Caianiello

Arenas

Turek

et al. 2022

Batteries & Supercaps

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A tetracationic viologen based on dimethylaminoethanol is reported as a novel negolyte for aqueous-organic flow batteries. The compound (1,1'-bis(3-((2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylammonio)propyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]-1,1'-diium tetrachloride), termed [(DMAE-Pr) 2 -Vi]Cl 4 , was prepared by replacing the trimethylammonium groups of a former analogue for dimethylaminoethanol derivatives as permanently charged moieties, improving its solubility and modifying its electronic structure, as revealed by DFT calculations. Its electrochemical properties and diffusion coefficient were investigated by voltammetry and DOSY. The battery concept was demonstrated by pairing [(DMAE-Pr) 2 -Vi]Cl 4 with a TEMPOL posolyte using a low-cost anion exchange membrane and a neutral-pH supporting electrolyte. [(DMAE-Pr) 2 -Vi]Cl 4 has great potential for enhancing energy density in viologen flow batteries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hydroxylated Tetracationic Viologen based on Dimethylaminoethanol as a Negolyte for Aqueous Flow Batteries

Caianiello

Arenas

Turek

et al. 2022

Batteries & Supercaps

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“…Redox flow batteries must operate with high concentrations of electroactive species, which necessitates the use of practical kinetic studies to be performed under similar conditions. The need to perform experiments at high concentrations poses major difficulties when performing typical CV measurements with a macroelectrode, as the resulting high currents greatly exacerbate the effects of iR drop in nonaqueous media . Our device has an electrode area of 1.28 × 10 –3 cm 2 , 25 times smaller than that of a common 2 mm macrodisk electrode.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The need to perform experiments at high concentrations poses major difficulties when performing typical CV measurements with a macroelectrode, as the resulting high currents greatly exacerbate the effects of iR drop in nonaqueous media. 50 Our device has an electrode area of 1.28 × 10 −3 cm 2 , 25 times smaller than that of a common 2 mm macrodisk electrode. The decreased area significantly lowers the measured current, making experiments at high concentrations more straightforward to perform.…”

Section: Systematic Degradation Studies Of Redox Flow Battery Electro...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Automated Measurement of Electrogenerated Redox Species Degradation Using Multiplexed Interdigitated Electrode Arrays

et al. 2022

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Characterizing the decomposition of electrogenerated species in solution is essential for applications involving electrosynthesis, homogeneous electrocatalysis, and energy storage with redox flow batteries. In this work, we present an automated, multiplexed, and highly robust platform for determining the rate constant of chemical reaction steps following electron transfer, known as the EC mechanism. We developed a generation-collection methodology based on microfabricated interdigitated electrode arrays (IDAs) with variable gap widths on a single device. Using a combination of finite-element simulations and statistical analysis of experimental data, our results show that the natural logarithm of collection efficiency is linear with respect to gap width, and this quantitative analysis is used to determine the decomposition rate constant of the electrogenerated species (k c). The integrated IDA method is used in a series of experiments to measure k c values between ∼0.01 and 100 s–1 in aqueous and nonaqueous solvents and at concentrations as high as 0.5 M of the redox-active species, conditions that are challenging to address using standard methods based on conventional macroelectrodes. The versatility of our approach allows for characterization of a wide range of reactions including intermolecular cyclization, hydrolysis, and the decomposition of candidate molecules for redox flow batteries at variable concentration and water content. Overall, this new experimental platform presents a straightforward automated method to assess the degradation of redox species in solution with sufficient flexibility to enable high-throughput workflows.

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“…This makes the cost of increasing the energy capacity of the RFB marginally decline with increasing the storage capacity. Therefore, the RFB is a flexible and scalable ESS technology [25]- [28]. The RFBs have few rotating parts and do not often need the operator's attention, making them have low maintenance and operating costs [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Storage Systems for Large-Scale Power Systems Application

Aluko

Knight

2023

IEEE Access

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In the wake of increasing the share of renewable energy-based generation systems in the power mix and reducing the risk of global environmental harm caused by fossil-based generation systems, energy storage system application has become a crucial player to offset the intermittence and instability associated with renewable energy systems. Due to the capability to store large amounts of energy in an efficient way, redox flow batteries (RFBs) are becoming the energy storage of choice for large-scale applications. Vanadium-based RFBs (V-RFBs) are one of the upcoming energy storage technologies that are being considered for large-scale implementations because of their several advantages such as zero cross-contamination, scalability, flexibility, long life cycle, and non-toxic operating condition. This review presents the current state of the V-RFB technology for power system applications. The basic working operation of the V-RFB system with the principle of operation of its major components, the design considerations, and the limitations of each component are discussed. It presents technical information to improve the overall performance of the V-RFB by considering the materials of the cell components, modeling methods, stack design, flow rate optimization, and shunt current reduction.INDEX TERMS Energy storage system, flow battery, renewable energy, vanadium redox flow battery.

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On the challenges of materials and electrochemical characterization of concentrated electrolytes for redox flow batteries

Abstract: some smart stuff

Cited by 17 publications

References 70 publications

A Hydroxylated Tetracationic Viologen based on Dimethylaminoethanol as a Negolyte for Aqueous Flow Batteries

A Hydroxylated Tetracationic Viologen based on Dimethylaminoethanol as a Negolyte for Aqueous Flow Batteries

Automated Measurement of Electrogenerated Redox Species Degradation Using Multiplexed Interdigitated Electrode Arrays

A Review on Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Storage Systems for Large-Scale Power Systems Application

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