On the composition of Fe-Ni-Co-WC-based cemented carbides

Uhrenius, Björn; Pastor, H.; Pauty, E.

doi:10.1016/s0263-4368(96)00023-6

Cited by 71 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The second alternative is to modify the binder component, such as Co, Ni, Fe, etc., to improve the corrosion resistance and/or mechanical strength. [5][6][7][8] However, to date no work has been done on the solid solution of metals in WC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal Structure and Carbon Vacancy Hardening of (W_0.5Al_0.5)C_1−x Prepared by a Solid‐State Reaction

Yan

Zhao

et al. 2005

ChemPhysChem

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Novel solid solutions of aluminum in tungsten carbide (WC) with or without carbon vacancies, which can be expressed by the chemical formula (W(0.5)Al(0.5))C(1-x) (x=0.0-0.5), have been synthesized by the solid-state reaction of W(0.5)Al(0.5) alloy and the proper amount of carbon at around 1673 K in vacuum. The reaction time decreases from 73 to 50 h on increasing the carbon vacancy concentration from 0 to 50 %. The formation of the intended products is certified, by X-ray diffraction, environmental scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, even though the carbon vacancy concentration reaches the astonishing value of 50 %. The as-prepared (W(0.5)Al(0.5))C(1-x) samples have been identified as the hexagonal WC-type structure belonging to the space group P6m2 (Z=1). Moreover, the crystallographic results reveal that the substituting aluminum atoms in the WC are located in the 1a site (the W atom position of the WC structure) and the cell parameters decrease slightly with increasing vacancy concentration. The hardness of the (W(0.5)Al(0.5))C(1-x) system increases up to a maximum 2659 kg mm(-2) at a carbon vacancy concentration of about 35 %, and the density of (W(0.5)Al(0.5))C(1-x) is far lower than that of WC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal Structure and Carbon Vacancy Hardening of (W_0.5Al_0.5)C_1−x Prepared by a Solid‐State Reaction

Yan

Zhao

et al. 2005

ChemPhysChem

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“…In addition, the higher temperature measured in the present work could be attributed to the presence of Co and Ni in the system. By the calculation of the Fe-Ni-Co-W-C phase diagram, Uhrenius et al [30] showed that the eutectic temperature is between 1200°C and 1300°C depending on the binder composition and weight percent, and the formation of M 6 C phase (Fe 3 W3 C and Co 3 W 3 C) occurs at the carbon levels lower than~4.6 wt pct. The results indicate that WC is unstable in contact with Fe and the dissolution of C and Co in the iron alloy leads to liquidphase formation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosintering of Powder Injection Molding Parts Made from Ultrafine WC-Co and 316L Stainless Steel Powders for Fabrication of Novel Composite Structures

Simchi

Petzoldt

2009

Metall Mater Trans A

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Sintering response and phase formation during sintering of WC-Co/316L stainless steel composites produced by assembling of powder injection molding (PIM) parts were studied. It is shown that during cosintering a significant mismatch strain (>4 pct) is developed in the temperature range of 1080°C to 1350°C. This mismatch strain induces biaxial stresses at the interface, leading to interface delamination. Experimental results revealed that sintering at a heating rate of 20 K/min could be used to decrease the mismatch strain to <2 pct. Meanwhile, WC is decomposed at the contact area and the diffusion of C and Co into the iron lattice results in the formation of a liquid and MC and M 6 C carbides at 1220°C. Spreading of the liquid accelerates the reaction, affecting the dimensional stability of the PIM parts. To prevent the reaction, surface oxidation of the cemented carbide followed by hydrogen reduction during sintering was examined. Although the amount of mismatch strain increased, formation of a metallic interface consisting of a W-Co alloy (45 to 50 at. pct Co) and a Co-rich iron alloy (18 at. pct Co) prevented the decomposition of WC and melt formation. It is also shown that the deposition of a thin Ni layer after thermal debinding decreases the mismatch stresses through melt formation, although interlayer diffusion causes pore-band formation close to the steel part.

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“…The results showed that the maximum fracture toughness can be achieved when 30 wt pct Co in the WC-10Co system is substituted by Ni, and the WC-7Co-3Ni drill bits performed well during mining. Although a considerable amount of research has been carried out, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] iron and nickel are today used to a minor extent only on an industrial scale, especially as cutting tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherent Ti(C,N) Coatings on Cemented Carbide Substrates with Fe/Ni/Co Binder

Guo

Xiong

Yang

et al. 2009

Metall Mater Trans B

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Both hard CVD coatings deposited on cemented carbides and the use of innovative binders for Co-bonded cemented carbide attract worldwide interest. In this article, ISO grade P30 cemented carbides are prepared with Fe Ni and Co binder, and adherent Ti(C,N) coatings are deposited on all the substrates by moderate-temperature chemical vapor deposition (MTCVD). The microstructure and properties of the cemented carbides before and after coating process are studied. The results show that Ti(C,N) coatings on all the substrate show compact and welldeveloped columnar structures, and high adhesion strength can be achieved.

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On the composition of Fe-Ni-Co-WC-based cemented carbides

Cited by 71 publications

References 6 publications

Crystal Structure and Carbon Vacancy Hardening of (W_0.5Al_0.5)C_1−x Prepared by a Solid‐State Reaction

Crystal Structure and Carbon Vacancy Hardening of (W_0.5Al_0.5)C_1−x Prepared by a Solid‐State Reaction

Cosintering of Powder Injection Molding Parts Made from Ultrafine WC-Co and 316L Stainless Steel Powders for Fabrication of Novel Composite Structures

Adherent Ti(C,N) Coatings on Cemented Carbide Substrates with Fe/Ni/Co Binder

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On the composition of Fe-Ni-Co-WC-based cemented carbides

Cited by 71 publications

References 6 publications

Crystal Structure and Carbon Vacancy Hardening of (W0.5Al0.5)C1−x Prepared by a Solid‐State Reaction

Crystal Structure and Carbon Vacancy Hardening of (W0.5Al0.5)C1−x Prepared by a Solid‐State Reaction

Cosintering of Powder Injection Molding Parts Made from Ultrafine WC-Co and 316L Stainless Steel Powders for Fabrication of Novel Composite Structures

Adherent Ti(C,N) Coatings on Cemented Carbide Substrates with Fe/Ni/Co Binder

Contact Info

Product

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About

Crystal Structure and Carbon Vacancy Hardening of (W_0.5Al_0.5)C_1−x Prepared by a Solid‐State Reaction

Crystal Structure and Carbon Vacancy Hardening of (W_0.5Al_0.5)C_1−x Prepared by a Solid‐State Reaction