Dedicated to Owe Axelsson on the occasion of his 70th birthday
SUMMARYWe consider algebraic methods of the two-level type for the iterative solution of large sparse linear systems. We assume that a ÿne/coarse partitioning and an algebraic interpolation have been deÿned in one way or another, and review di erent schemes that may be built with these ingredients. This includes algebraic multigrid (AMG) schemes, two-level approximate block factorizations, and several methods that exploit generalized hierarchical bases. We develop their theoretical analysis in a uniÿed way, gathering some known results, rewriting some other and stating some new. This includes lower bounds, that is, we do not only investigate su cient conditions of convergence, but also look at necessary conditions.