On the consistency of flow rate color Doppler assessment for the internal jugular vein

Sisini, Francesco; Gianesini, Sergio; Menegatti, Erica; Taibi, Angelo; Tessari, Mirko; Domenico, Giovanni Di; Malagoni, Anna Maria; Gambaccini, M.

doi:10.4081/vl.2014.1863

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…4 Numerous recent studies have focused on morphological and hemodynamic venous jugular flow abnormalities in MS patients and HIs. 4,[7][8][9][10][11] However, it is unknown at this time whether the IJV narrowing has any pathological significance, or is just a normal physiologic variant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal jugular vein narrowing and body mass index in healthy individuals and multiple sclerosis patients

Magnano

Belov²,

Krawiecki³

et al. 2014

Veins and Lymphatics

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Internal jugular vein (IJV) narrowing has been implicated in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Body mass index (BMI) is a cardiovascular risk factor that has been also linked to CNS diseases, however it is unknown whether a relationship exists between IJV narrowing and BMI. The objectives were to assess the relationship between IJV cross-sectional areas (CSA) and BMI in healthy individuals (HI) and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. A total of 388 subjects (194 age-and sexmatched HI and MS patients) received magnetic resonance venography and structural brain magnetic resonance imaging at 3T. Region of interest analysis was performed using a semiautomated contouring-thresholding technique to determine the minimum CSA of the IJVs at C2/C3, C5/C6, and C7/T1 cervical levels. Partial correlation analyses were used to determine the associations. Increased BMI was related to increased IJV CSA at lower cervical levels (r=0.240, P<0.0001 at C5/C6 and r=0.293, P<0.0001 at C7/T1) in both MS patients and HI. Both MS and HI, showed associations between increased BMI and IJV CSA measures, particularly at lower cervical locations, in individual group analyses. No differences in association between BMI and IJV CSA were observed between HI and MS patients. Relationship between IJV CSA and BMI were not significant at upper cervical locations in the studied groups. Increased BMI is associated with IJV CSA widening, rather than narrowing, at lower cervical levels in both MS patients and HI. This finding warrants further investigation, but indicates that BMI can obscure interpretation of IJV CSA narrowing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal jugular vein narrowing and body mass index in healthy individuals and multiple sclerosis patients

Magnano

Belov²,

Krawiecki³

et al. 2014

Veins and Lymphatics

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“…Similarly, concerns regarding the validity and consistency of the flow rate assessment has been discussed in previous publications. (Sisini, et al 2014, Zamboni 2016) Until this is accomplished, the specific details on scan location, probe frequency, angle of incidence, and the formula of BFV calculation should be clearly documented and reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jugular Venous Flow Quantification Using Doppler Sonography

Marr

Jakimovski

Mancini

et al. 2018

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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A consensus on venous flow quantification using echo spectral Doppler sonography is lacking. Doppler sonography data from 83 healthy individuals were examined using manually traced transverse cross-sectional area and diameter-derived cross-sectional area obtained in longitudinal view measurements of the internal jugular vein. Time-averaged velocity over a 4-s interval was obtained in the longitudinal plane using manual tracing of the waveform. Manual and computer-generated blood flow volume calculations were also obtained for the common carotid artery, for accuracy purposes. No differences were detected between semi-automated and manual blood flow volume calculations for the common carotid artery. The manual calculation method resulted in almost twofold larger venous internal jugular vein flow measurements compared with the semi-automated method. Doppler sonography equipment does not provide accurate automated calculation of venous size and blood flow. Until further technological development occurs, manual calculation of venous blood flow is warranted.

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“…The GSV terminal valve and IFV were considered incompetent only whenever showing a reflux both at the Valsalva and Compression/Relaxation manoeuvre. 21,22 In order to obtain the most reliable measurements, the volume samples were always open to the vessel walls (including the whole vessel lumen, excluding the vessel walls), 23 the insonation angle was always ranging among 45 and 60 . 24 The same diagnostic protocol was used at the follow-up visit (6 and 12 months after the procedure and then every year).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femoral vein valve incompetence as a risk factor for junctional recurrence

et al. 2017

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Background Recurrent varicose veins occur up to 80% of procedures. The sapheno-femoral junction can be involved in more than 50% of cases. A detailed pathophysiological explanation of the phenomenon is still missing. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the role of femoral vein incompetence as risk factor for sapheno-femoral junction recurrence. Methods Three-hundred-eighty-one patients presenting an incompetent great saphenous vein system and eventually also an incompetent femoral tract (C2-6EpAsdPr) underwent a great saphenous vein high ligation with flush ligation also of the incompetent tributaries along the leg, sparing the saphenous trunk. Pre-operatively, all patients underwent a sonographic evaluation assessing the superficial and deep venous systems, including a detailed analysis of the iliac-femoral vein tract above the sapheno-femoral junction. A retrospective statistical analysis assessed the recurrence risk associated with iliac-femoral vein tract incompetence. Results In a 5.5 ± 1.9 years follow-up, great saphenous vein trunk reflux recurrence was detected in 45/381 (11.8%) cases. The reflux source was found in a reconnected sapheno-femoral stump in 11/45 cases (24.5%), in the pelvic network in 8/45 cases (17.8%), in a neovascularization process in 7/45 (15.5%) and in a newly incompetent great saphenous vein tributary in 19/45 (42.2%). At the pre-operative assessment, iliac-femoral vein tract reflux was present in 7 (26.9%) of the 26 cases who developed a sapheno-femoral junction recurrence and in 25 (7%) of the 355 patients who did not demonstrate sapheno-femoral junction recurrence (odds ratio: 4.8; confidence interval 95%: 1.8-12.6; p < .003). Discussion Despite many technical diagnostic and therapeutic refinements, varicose veins recurrence remains a frequent event. The present investigation points out the association among iliac-femoral vein tract incompetence and sapheno-femoral junction recurrences after high ligation.

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On the consistency of flow rate color Doppler assessment for the internal jugular vein

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Internal jugular vein narrowing and body mass index in healthy individuals and multiple sclerosis patients

Internal jugular vein narrowing and body mass index in healthy individuals and multiple sclerosis patients

Jugular Venous Flow Quantification Using Doppler Sonography

Femoral vein valve incompetence as a risk factor for junctional recurrence

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