On the Coulomb-Mohr failure criterion

Handin, John

doi:10.1029/jb074i022p05343

Cited by 277 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…where is the measured shear stress, m is the coefficient of internal friction, n ' is the effective normal stress, and c is the cohesion [Handin, 1969;Byerlee, 1978]. In cases where enough deformation has accumulated to form a well-defined slip zone, c is often assumed to be negligible and the friction coefficient becomes m s , the coefficient of sliding friction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear strength of sediments approaching subduction in the Nankai Trough, Japan as constraints on forearc mechanics

Ikari

Hüpers

Kopf

2013

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] The mechanical behavior of the plate boundary fault zone is of paramount importance in subduction zones, because it controls megathrust earthquake nucleation and propagation as well as the structural style of the forearc. In the Nankai area along the NanTroSEIZE (Kumano) drilling transect offshore SW Japan, a heterogeneous sedimentary sequence overlying the oceanic crust enters the subduction zone. In order to predict how variations in lithology, and thus mechanical properties, affect the formation and evolution of the plate boundary fault, we conducted laboratory tests measuring the shear strengths of sediments approaching the trench covering each major lithological sedimentary unit. We observe that shear strength increases nonlinearly with depth, such that the (apparent) coefficient of friction decreases. In combination with a critical taper analysis, the results imply that the plate boundary position is located on the main frontal thrust. Further landward, the plate boundary is expected to step down into progressively lower stratigraphic units, assisted by moderately elevated pore pressures. As seismogenic depths are approached, the decollement may further step down to lower volcaniclastic or pelagic strata but this requires specific overpressure conditions. High-taper angle and elevated strengths in the toe region may be local features restricted to the Kumano transect.Components: 9,385 words, 7 figures.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear strength of sediments approaching subduction in the Nankai Trough, Japan as constraints on forearc mechanics

Ikari

Hüpers

Kopf

2013

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Most samples did not exhibit a significant peak in strength, but rather a gradual increase to a residual value. We calculate the coefficient of sliding friction (µ) as: (Handin 1969) assuming that cohesion is negligible in our disaggregated samples or is lost after significant displacement in intact samples. After ~9-to 12-mm displacement, velocity-stepping tests were initiated in which the shear velocity was increased in discrete threefold (half order of magnitude) velocity steps in the range 0.1-30 µm/s.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simulating natural conditions on major fault zones at depths where large earthquakes nucleate (i.e., several km depth) is not always straightforward. However, it is a critical component of experimental studies because the frictional properties of fault material can be highly dependent on experimental conditions such as stress, temperature, and the presence of pore fluids (e.g., Handin 1969;Blanpied et al 1998;Collettini et al 2009;Carpenter et al 2012;den Hartog and Spiers 2013;Ikari et al 2013Ikari et al , 2014 Abstract The Alpine Fault is a major plate-boundary fault zone that poses a major seismic hazard in southern New Zealand. The initial stage of the Deep Fault Drilling Project has provided sample material from the major lithological constituents of the Alpine Fault from two pilot boreholes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear behavior of DFDP-1 borehole samples from the Alpine Fault, New Zealand, under a wide range of experimental conditions

Ikari

Trütner

Carpenter

et al. 2015

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…The Coulomb criterion relates frictional strength to cohesion and friction angle (angle of internal friction), a parameter which describes the normal stress dependence of shear strength (e.g., HANDIN, 1969). In a Coulomb law, frictional rate dependence may be described via rate dependent cohesion and friction angle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coulomb constitutive laws for friction: Contrasts in frictional behavior for distributed and localized shear

Marone

Hobbs

Ord

1992

PAGEOPH

105

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Abstract--We describe slip-rate dependent friction laws based on the Coulomb failure criteria. Frictional rate dependence is attributed to a rate dependence of cohesion c and friction angle qS. We show that differences in the stress states developed during sliding result in different Coulomb friction taws for distributed shear within a thick gouge layer versus localized shear within a narrow shear band or between bare rock surfaces. For shear within gouge, shear strength is given by 9 = e cos ~b + an sin qS, whereas for shear between bare rock surfaces the shear strength is ~ = e + a n tan ~b, where z and a~ are shear and normal stress, respectively. In the context of rate-dependent Coulomb friction laws, these differences mean that for a given material and rate dependence of the Coulomb parameters, pervasive shear may exhibit velocity strengthening frictional behavior while localized shear exhibits velocity weakening behavior. We derive from experimental data the slip-rate dependence and evolution of c and q~ for distributed and localized shear. The data show a positive rate dependence for distributed shear and a negative rate dependence for localized shear, indicating that the rate dependence of c and ~b are not the same for distributed and localized shear, even after accounting for differences in stress state. Our analysis is consistent with the well-known association of instability with shear localization in simulated fault gouge and the observation that bare rock surfaces exhibit predominantly velocity weakening frictional behavior whereas simulated fault gouge exhibits velocity strengthening followed by a transition to velocity weakening with increasing displacement. Natural faults also exhibit displacement dependent frictional behavior and thus the results may prove useful in understanding the seismic evolution of faulting.

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On the Coulomb-Mohr failure criterion

Cited by 277 publications

References 9 publications

Shear strength of sediments approaching subduction in the Nankai Trough, Japan as constraints on forearc mechanics

Shear strength of sediments approaching subduction in the Nankai Trough, Japan as constraints on forearc mechanics

Shear behavior of DFDP-1 borehole samples from the Alpine Fault, New Zealand, under a wide range of experimental conditions

Coulomb constitutive laws for friction: Contrasts in frictional behavior for distributed and localized shear

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