On the Design and Implementation of a Blockchain Enabled E-Voting Application Within IoT-Oriented Smart Cities

Rathee, Geetanjali; Iqbal, Razi; Waqar, Omer; Bashir, Ali Kashif

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3061411

Cited by 102 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A comprehensive review of the voting schemes based on blockchain technology with regards to voting requirements both large and small scale at the national elections can be found in [34]. In fact, recently there has been a flurry of papers for application of blockchain in electronic voting systems [2,4,5,37,67].…”

Section: B Hashingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anonymous voting scheme using quantum assisted blockchain

Mishra¹,

Thapliyal²,

Rewanth³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Voting forms the most important tool for arriving at a decision in any institution. The changing needs of the civilization currently demands a practical yet secure electronic voting system, but any flaw related to the applied voting technology can lead to tampering of the results with the malicious outcomes. Currently, blockchain technology due to its transparent structure forms an emerging area of investigation for the development of voting systems with a far greater security. However, various apprehensions are yet to be conclusively resolved before using blockchain in high stakes elections. Other than this, the blockchain based voting systems are vulnerable to possible attacks by upcoming noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) computer. To circumvent, most of these limitations, in this work, we propose an anonymous voting scheme based on quantum assisted blockchain by enhancing the advantages offered by blockchain with the quantum resources such as quantum random number generators and quantum key distribution. The purposed scheme is shown to satisfy the requirements of a good voting scheme. Further, the voting scheme is auditable and can be implemented using the currently available technology.

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Section: B Hashingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anonymous voting scheme using quantum assisted blockchain

Mishra¹,

Thapliyal²,

Rewanth³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Leveraging the Blockchain security mechanisms, the authors in [ 88 ] present the use case of the e-voting application of IoT, which is one of the prospective growth areas in technologies related to smart cities. The authors suggest blockchain-enabled solutions for the e-voting system to attain robust security and privacy and to discourage the problem of intruders performing rigging for the polls.…”

Section: Authentication Schemes Based On Distributed Architectures In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Analysis on Blockchain versus Centralized Authentication Architectures for IoT-Enabled Smart Devices in Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Review, Recent Advances, and Future Research Directions

Khalil

Malik

Uddin

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Smart devices have become an essential part of the architectures such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), and Internet of Everything (IoE). In contrast, these architectures constitute a system to realize the concept of smart cities and, ultimately, a smart planet. The adoption of these smart devices expands to different cyber-physical systems in smart city architecture, i.e., smart houses, smart healthcare, smart transportation, smart grid, smart agriculture, etc. The edge of the network connects these smart devices (sensors, aggregators, and actuators) that can operate in the physical environment and collects the data, which is further used to make an informed decision through actuation. Here, the security of these devices is immensely important, specifically from an authentication standpoint, as in the case of unauthenticated/malicious assets, the whole infrastructure would be at stake. We provide an updated review of authentication mechanisms by categorizing centralized and distributed architectures. We discuss the security issues regarding the authentication of these IoT-enabled smart devices. We evaluate and analyze the study of the proposed literature schemes that pose authentication challenges in terms of computational costs, communication overheads, and models applied to attain robustness. Hence, lightweight solutions in managing, maintaining, processing, and storing authentication data of IoT-enabled assets are an urgent need. From an integration perspective, cloud computing has provided strong support. In contrast, decentralized ledger technology, i.e., blockchain, light-weight cryptosystems, and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based solutions, are the areas with much more to explore. Finally, we discuss the future research challenges, which will eventually help address the ambiguities for improvement.

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“…In this study [3] the authors proposed a secure and transparent electronic voting mechanism through IOT devices by using blockchain technology with the aim of resolving various threats and attacks caused by intruders during the polling mechanism in smart cities, and successfully resolved privacy and security flaws by computing the trust of each entity and further storing and analyzing them in a blockchain. The framework showed a better success rate in all simulations against DoS and DDoS threats.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review Of E-Voting System Based on Blockchain Technology

Singh¹,

Wable²,

Kharose³

2022

IJNPME

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Voting is arguably the most important as well as elementary right in democracy that has existed for the past hundreds of years; it has taken place in the context of a large- and small-scale community. The process transitioned from paper ballots to electronic voting machines (EVM) in the late 20th century, but even with all the advancement, transparency in the election process remained the same. Blockchain technology came in existence in 2008 with the introduction of Bitcoin by Satoshi Nakamoto, and in the last decade we saw enormous growth in development and execution of this technology in various fields e-voting is one of them, blockchain-based e-voting system has potential to improve the election process if utilized to its potential. Blockchain can eliminate the need to print ballot paper as it is secure, immutable and convenient to voters and can make elections more transparent.

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On the Design and Implementation of a Blockchain Enabled E-Voting Application Within IoT-Oriented Smart Cities

Cited by 102 publications

References 28 publications

Anonymous voting scheme using quantum assisted blockchain

Anonymous voting scheme using quantum assisted blockchain

A Comparative Analysis on Blockchain versus Centralized Authentication Architectures for IoT-Enabled Smart Devices in Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Review, Recent Advances, and Future Research Directions

A Review Of E-Voting System Based on Blockchain Technology

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