On the ecosystemic network of saliva in healthy young adults

Zaura, Egija; Brandt, Bernd W.; Prodan, Andrei; Mattos, M. Joost Teixeira de; Imangaliyev, Sultan; Kool, Jolanda; Buijs, M.J.; Jagers, Ferry Lpw; Hennequin-Hoenderdos, N.L.; Slot, Dagmar Else; Nicu, Elena A.; Lagerweij, M.D.; Janus, Marleen M.; Fernandez-Gutierrez, Marcela M.; Levin, Evgeni; Krom, Bastiaan P.; Brand, H.S.; Veerman, E.C.I.; Kleerebezem, Michiel; Loos, Bruno G.; Weijden, G.A. van der; Crielaard, Wim; Keijser, Bart J. F.

doi:10.1038/ismej.2016.199

Cited by 130 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…had fewer teeth with dental caries, were non-smokers, and other such factors) and had a lower risk for pneumonia-related death [20,26], suggesting that the predominance of N. flavescens, F. periodonticum , and P. pasteri is an indicator of healthy oral microbiota. Furthermore, a recent report by Zaura et al suggested that a bacterial community type characterized by a predominance of N. flavescens and Neisseria subflava positioned away from dysbiosis [27]. However, it is unexpected that a salivary microbiota predominant with Neisseria species is beneficial for health despite their capacity for high ACH production ability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of oral microbiota and acetaldehyde production

Yokoyama

Takeuchi

Shibata

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background: Neisseria has been reported to be a high producer of acetaldehyde (ACH), a carcinogen, from ethanol in vitro, but no information exists regarding whether the ACH production depends on oral microbiota profiles.Objective and Design: To explore the salivary microbiota profiles with respect to ACH production ability in the oral cavity using a cross-sectional design.Results: Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we classified 100 saliva samples into two types of communities (I and II). Salivary ACH production ability from ethanol was measured using gas chromatography and was found to vary over a 30-fold range. ACH production ability was significantly higher in the type I community, wherein the relative abundance of Neisseria species was significantly lower. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the subjects with the type I community exhibited significantly higher probability of high ACH production ability than those with the type II community (P = 0.014). Moreover, the relative abundance of Neisseria species was inversely correlated with the ACH production ability (P = 0.002).Conclusion: The salivary microbiota profile with a lower relative abundance of Neisseria species was independently associated with high ACH production ability, despite Neisseria species are dominant producers of ACH in vitro.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of oral microbiota and acetaldehyde production

Yokoyama

Takeuchi

Shibata

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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“…An elegant example of such an approach was recently published in a study showing that analysis of S. mutans in saliva based on adhesion subtypes could be used for future caries risk prediction [92]. It is also interesting that in a recent cross-sectional study from 2017 data showed that orally healthy individuals can be divided into five ecotypes based on characteristics of SM, the salivary metabolome and host-related biochemical salivary parameters [93]. In addition, a recent longitudinal study in hospitalized cancer patients demonstrated that increased variability of SM was associated with adverse clinical outcomes [94].…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The salivary microbiota in health and disease

Belstrøm

2020

Journal of Oral Microbiology

149

112

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The salivary microbiota (SM), comprising bacteria shed from oral surfaces, has been shown to be individualized, temporally stable and influenced by diet and lifestyle. SM reflects local bacterial alterations of the supragingival and subgingival microbiota, and periodontitis and dental-caries associated characteristics of SM have been reported. Also, data suggest an impact of systemic diseases on SM as demonstrated in patients with a wide variety of systemic diseases including diabetes, cancer, HIV and rheumatoid arthritis. The presence of systemic diseases seems to influence salivary levels of specific bacterial species, as well as αand β-diversity of SM. The composition of SM might thereby potentially mirror oral and general health status. The contentious development of advanced molecular techniques such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metabolomics has enabled the possibility to address bacterial functions rather than presence in microbial samples. However, at present only a few studies have employed such techniques on SM to reveal functional and metabolic characteristics in oral health and disease. Future studies are therefore warranted to illuminate the possible impact of metabolic functions of SM on oral and general health status. Ultimately, such an approach has the possibility to reveal novel and personalized therapeutic avenues in oral and general medicine.

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“…At present, very few studies have studied saliva using both sequencing and metabolomics technologies. The most comprehensive study of this type has made steps in elucidating the relationships between salivary metabolites and associated microbial species [145]. There is a clear need for future work to reconcile the functional information provided by metabolomics with the oral microbial composition and host factors that may modify the latter.…”

Section: Future Directions For Salivary Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological Function

2020

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Metabolomic profiling of biofluids, e.g., urine, plasma, has generated vast and ever-increasing amounts of knowledge over the last few decades. Paradoxically, metabolomic analysis of saliva, the most readily-available human biofluid, has lagged. This review explores the history of saliva-based metabolomics and summarizes current knowledge of salivary metabolomics. Current applications of salivary metabolomics have largely focused on diagnostic biomarker discovery and the diagnostic value of the current literature base is explored. There is also a small, albeit promising, literature base concerning the use of salivary metabolomics in monitoring athletic performance. Functional roles of salivary metabolites remain largely unexplored. Areas of emerging knowledge include the role of oral host–microbiome interactions in shaping the salivary metabolite profile and the potential roles of salivary metabolites in oral physiology, e.g., in taste perception. Discussion of future research directions describes the need to begin acquiring a greater knowledge of the function of salivary metabolites, a current research direction in the field of the gut metabolome. The role of saliva as an easily obtainable, information-rich fluid that could complement other gastrointestinal fluids in the exploration of the gut metabolome is emphasized.

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On the ecosystemic network of saliva in healthy young adults

Cited by 130 publications

References 53 publications

Characterization of oral microbiota and acetaldehyde production

Characterization of oral microbiota and acetaldehyde production

The salivary microbiota in health and disease

Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological Function

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