“…To qualify for this, there needs to be further consideration on the actual scope, institutional form, and content of such alternative forms of integration. Academic and policy-oriented assessments of EU-Turkey relations discuss more elaborate concepts (see Müftüler-Baç, 2017;Hürsoy, 2017;Aydın-Düzgit, 2017;Turhan, 2017), specifically looking at options such as 'associate membership' (Duff, 2013), 'gradual membership' (Karakas, 2013), 'virtual membership' (Ülgen, 2012), or 'junior membership' (Lippert, 2017). All of them share the fundamental requirement of full adherence to the values and principles of the EU.…”