On the effects of solution and reaction parameters for the aerosol-assisted CVD growth of long carbon nanotubes

Present Advancement in Production of Carbon Nanotubes and Their Derivatives from Industrial Waste with Promising Applications

“…Further analyses on characteristics of resultant products obtained from different location in the reactor in cooperation with synthesizing conditions (temperature, ratio of feedstock and catalyst, flow rate of carrier gas and so on) would be taken into account for elucidating the formation mechanism of such carbonaceous nanomaterials. Most of previous works agree with a postulation that metal catalysts which would be intentionally supplied into the reactor would exist in active liquid form which would adsorb carbon molecular clusters onto its surface and then catalyze the self-assembly reaction, resulting in formation of carbonaceous nanostructures which contain those catalytic metal nanoparticles inside (Bai et al, 2003;Emmenegger et al, 2003;Barreiro et al, 2006;Prasek et al, 2011). However, other concrete evidence from in situ characterization would still be required for clear understanding on such phenomenon.…”

“…Some inert carrier gas would be supplied into the reactor for carrying the hydrocarbon precursor which would be vaporized by regulated heating with a designated ramp rate for ensuring the steady flow of carbon sources into the reaction zone. The self-assembly reaction would be stimulated by a control of sufficiently high temperature zone within the reactor (Colomer et al, 2000;Barreiro et al, 2006;Charinpanitkul et al, 2009b;Puengjinda et al, 2009;Sano et al, 2012). During the formation of carbonaceous nanomaterials within the reactor, complicated phenomena, such as convective diffusional flow, thermophoresis and decomposition, would play a competitive role in regulating the production yield and characteristics of the resultant products.…”

“…Nevertheless, among those nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted widespread interest, owing to their unique structures and extraordinary properties in electrical, optical and mechanical properties, which could lead to many highly promising applications including adsorbents, atomic force microscopy (AFM) tips, catalyst or catalyst supports, electrodes for fuel cell and dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells, field emission displays (FED), hydrogen storage, nano-electronic devices, strength reinforcing fillers in polymers (Colomer et al, 2000;Barreiro et al, 2006;Paradise and Goswami, 2007;Arora and Sharma, 2014). In addition, some of their derivatives, such as metal-hybridizing carbon nanotubes are also recognized as novel nanomaterials with some promising applications, such as magnetic recording, medical diagnosis, selective adsorbents and supercapacitors (de Volder et al, 2013).…”

“…As mentioned above various methods for CNT production would include laser ablation, arc discharge, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), electrolysis, and hydrothermal treatment. A remarkable amount of research attempts have been made toward comparison in various aspects, such as production yield, purity, operating cost, and scalability (Auer et al, 1998;Bandow et al, 2000;Colomer et al, 2000;Serp et al, 2001;Andrew et al, 2002;Sano et al, 2003;Popov, 2004;Barreiro et al, 2006;Xiao et al, 2006;Zeng et al, 2006; Grobert, 2007;Charinpanitkul et al, 2009b;Puengjinda et al, 2009;Quan et al, 2010;Charinpanitkul et al, 2011). Generally, all of such CNT production methods would require some similar handling process conditions, such as high temperature condition for preparing carbon precursors from decomposition of carbon sources following by the self-assembly processes which could be regulated by various operating parameters.…”

Reversible electron charge transfer in single-wall carbon nanotubes

“…Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), in particular, are currently the aim of research investigations due to their multiple interesting properties. The SWCNT can be synthesized by different routes with arc discharge, laser ablation and chemical vapor deposition as the most widely used 1 . In order to remove catalyst particles and obtain the bulk scale purity, acid treatments have often been reported e.g.…”