On the Etiology of Epidemic Poliomyelitis

Rosenow, Edward C.; Towne, E. B.; Wheeler, George W.

doi:10.1126/science.44.1139.614

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The esteemed researcher Edward Rosenow provided evidence that a streptococcus was the cause of poliomyelitis by fulfilling Koch's postulates [ 142 – 144 ], only to have this theory overturned with the discovery of poliovirus decades later. The lack of specificity demonstrated by Rosenow's false attribution of causation to streptococci in the case of polio highlights only one of many possible limitations of Koch's postulates that have emerged after more than a century of reflection ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Beyond Koch's Postulates: Molecular Guidelines For Causamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Vaginal Bacterial Biota and Bacterial Vaginosis

Srinivasan

Fredricks

2008

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

206

198

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The bacterial biota of the human vagina can have a profound impact on the health of women and their neonates. Changes in the vaginal microbiota have been associated with several adverse health outcomes including premature birth, pelvic inflammatory disease, and acquisition of HIV infection. Cultivation-independent molecular methods have provided new insights regarding bacterial diversity in this important niche, particularly in women with the common condition bacterial vaginosis (BV). PCR methods have shown that women with BV have complex communities of vaginal bacteria that include many fastidious species, particularly from the phyla Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Healthy women are mostly colonized with lactobacilli such as Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus jensenii, and Lactobacillus iners, though a variety of other bacteria may be present. The microbiology of BV is heterogeneous. The presence of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae coating the vaginal epithelium in some subjects with BV suggests that biofilms may contribute to this condition.

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Section: Beyond Koch's Postulates: Molecular Guidelines For Causamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Vaginal Bacterial Biota and Bacterial Vaginosis

Srinivasan

Fredricks

2008

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

206

198

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“…3. Data on the possibility that those whose tonsils have been removed are more susceptible to poliomyelitis irrespective of the time of the operation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. It is probably safe to say that tonsillectomy has no bearing on the incidence of the spinal form of poliomyelitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of Tonsillectomy to Poliomyelitis

Seydell¹

1942

Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

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During the last twelve years a number of articles have appeared in the literature reporting the occurrence of poliomyelitis, especially that of the bulbar type, following removal of tonsils during epidemics of this disease. The results of these investigations, which are contrary to my findings in a review of case records of the Chicago epidemic of 1916 and also to my experience, prompted me to make as complete a survey of the relation of tonsillectomy to poliomyelitis as was afforded by the literature and the various public health statistics that I could gather. The object of this survey was to try to ascertain (1) whether patients who have been tonsillectomized during the course of an epidemic of poliomyelitis are more susceptible to the disease than those whose tonsils have not been removed, (2) whether those who have had their tonsils removed are more susceptible, irrespective of the time of the operation, (3) whether the bulbar form of the disease occurs more frequently than the spinal form in patients recently tonsillectomized, and (4) if it does, why it does.The first part of the present study will be devoted to a survey, of the literature. Reference will be made only to contributions which deal with the relation of tonsillectomy to poliomyelitis. The second part will contain an analysis of such statistics as I could obtain from public health authorities, from hospitals in various parts of the country and from a survey of a relatively severe epidemic of poliomyelitis occurring in Kansas in 1940. I first became interested in the relation of the tonsils to poliomyelitis in 1916, after reading the reports of Mathers,1 Nuzum 2 and Rosenow.3 These men independently isolated a gram-positive micrococcus from the

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“…These are, first, the sera of convalescent human poliomyelitis; second, sera from horses immunized against the streptococci supposed by Rosenow and others (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) to be etiologically related to poliomyelitis; third, the Pettit serum prepared at the Pasteur Institute (13). These are, first, the sera of convalescent human poliomyelitis; second, sera from horses immunized against the streptococci supposed by Rosenow and others (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) to be etiologically related to poliomyelitis; third, the Pettit serum prepared at the Pasteur Institute (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus Neutralization Experiments With Rosenow's and Pettit's Antipoliomyelitic Sera

Stewart

Haselbauer

1928

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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1. The Rosenow antistreptococcic poliomyelitis serum concentrated or unconcentrated does not neutralize the virus of poliomyelitis as tested in monkeys. 2. The Pettit antipoliomyelitis horse serum neutralizes the virus only occasionally. 3. "Immune" sheep sera prepared according to the method of Pettit have not neutralized virus even when the normal sera of the same animal have given neutralization. 4. The reason for such chance neutralizations is obscure and should not be confused with the constant virus-neutralizing action of both human and monkey convalescent sera. 5. Experimental evidence affords no basis for the use of either the Rosenow or the Pettit serum in the therapy of poliomyelitis.

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On the Etiology of Epidemic Poliomyelitis

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

The Human Vaginal Bacterial Biota and Bacterial Vaginosis

The Human Vaginal Bacterial Biota and Bacterial Vaginosis

Relation of Tonsillectomy to Poliomyelitis

Virus Neutralization Experiments With Rosenow's and Pettit's Antipoliomyelitic Sera

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