On the fate of non-cued mental representations in visuo-spatial working memory: Evidence by a retro-cuing paradigm

Schneider, Daniel; Mertes, Christine; Wascher, Edmund

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2015.07.034

Cited by 40 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…This was done based on a paradigm that required dealing with the interference of non-cued working memory contents during retrieval and memory probe processing. In line with earlier findings (Barth & Schneider, 2018;Makovski et al, 2008;Schneider, Barth, Getzmann, et al, 2017), behavioral results showed a performance benefit for a one-item retroactive focus of attention (compared to two-item retro-cues) and a general retro-cue benefit compared to a neutral cue condition on RT level (Griffin & Nobre, 2003;Myers et al, 2015;Schneider et al, 2015). Results further indicated that responding to a recently non-cued probe color entailed dealing with proactive interference, as both RTs and error rates were increased in this condition relative to a memory probe with a color not recently stored in working memory (see also : Oberauer, 2005;Schneider et al, 2015Schneider et al, , 2016.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The selective processing of working memory content has been associated with modulations of posterior alpha power (Hakim, Adam, Gunseli, Awh, & Vogel, 2019;Myers et al, 2015;Poch, Campo, & Barnes, 2014;Schneider et al, 2015;Schneider, Mertes, & Wascher, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We measured posterior hemispheric asymmetries in alpha oscillations (~8-14 Hz) relative to the position of cued vs. non-cued information in a working memory task. Prior research has shown that the orienting of attention toward lateralized working memory content is linked to a decrease in alpha power contralateral to the position of cued items (e.g., Myers, Walther, Wallis, Stokes, & Nobre, 2015;Poch, Campo, & Barnes, 2014;Poch, Capilla, Hinojosa, & Campo, 2017;Schneider, Mertes, & Wascher, 2015. First evidence for the contribution of an inhibitory process to this attentional mechanism came from investigations that included an experimental manipulation of stimulus position in a way that allowed the unambiguous association of hemispheric asymmetries in the EEG signal to the attentional processing of lateral working memory content (see also : Hickey et al, 2009;Woodman & Luck, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hemispheric asymmetries in posterior alpha power reflect the selection and inhibition of spatial context information in working memory

Rösner

Arnau

Skiba

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Retroactive cuing of information after encoding improves working memory performance.However, there is an ongoing debate on the contribution of target enhancement vs. distractor inhibition attentional sub-processes to this behavioral benefit. We investigated the electrophysiological correlates of retroactive attentional orienting by means of oscillatory EEG parameters. In order to disentangle excitatory and inhibitory attentional processes, the to-bememorized information was presented in a way that posterior hemispheric asymmetries in oscillatory power could be unambiguously linked to lateral target vs. distractor processing.Alpha power (8-13 Hz) asymmetries were insensitive to the number of cued or non-cued items, supporting their relation to the spatial orienting of attention. Furthermore, we found an increase in posterior alpha power contralateral to the position of non-cued working memory content that differed reliably from the alpha asymmetry in a neutral control condition. This correlate of an inhibitory sub-process of the spatial orienting of attention following the retroactive cues was further related to the participants' ability to control for the impact of irrelevant information on working memory retrieval. These findings indicate that shifting the spatial focus of attention within working memory makes use of an inhibitory attentional mechanism for guaranteeing a target-oriented retrieval process.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hemispheric asymmetries in posterior alpha power reflect the selection and inhibition of spatial context information in working memory

Rösner

Arnau

Skiba

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…In trials without retro-cues, the CDA was larger when participants maintained four items instead of two items in WM. After retro-cueing, however, the CDA was reduced and converged to similar levels for both set sizes, suggesting that only the cued item was maintained in WM (see also Duarte et al, 2013;Schneider, Mertes, & Wascher, 2015). Another set of studies assessed the neural markers of WM maintenance by using pattern classifiers trained to identify the class of stimuli (words, orientations, etc.)…”

Section: H3 Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

In search of the focus of attention in working memory: 13 years of the retro-cue effect

Souza

Oberauer

2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The concept of attention has a prominent place in cognitive psychology. Attention can be directed not only to perceptual information, but also to information in working memory (WM). Evidence for an internal focus of attention has come from the retro-cue effect: Performance in tests of visual WM is improved when attention is guided to the testrelevant contents of WM ahead of testing them. The retro-cue paradigm has served as a test bed to empirically investigate the functions and limits of the focus of attention in WM. In this article, we review the growing body of (behavioral) studies on the retro-cue effect. We evaluate the degrees of experimental support for six hypotheses about what causes the retro-cue effect: (1) Attention protects representations from decay, (2) attention prioritizes the selected WM contents for comparison with a probe display, (3) attended representations are strengthened in WM, (4) not-attended representations are removed from WM, (5) a retro-cue to the retrieval target provides a head start for its retrieval before decision making, and (6) attention protects the selected representation from perceptual interference. The extant evidence provides support for the last four of these hypotheses.

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“…We further measured EEG correlates of action planning by means of the suppression of mu (10-14 Hz) and beta (15-25 Hz) oscillatory power over sensorimotor cortex contralateral to response side [20][21][22] (here: right-handed button presses with the index or middle finger). We hypothesized that the evolving of a motor plan should be evident simultaneous to EEG correlates of attentional selection following the retro-cues that should be reflected in posterior modulations of alpha power (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) [24][25][26][27][28] . The most important question, however, concerns the nature of such motor plans when the probe information and the to-beexecuted actions are yet unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of working memory for bridging the gap between perception and goal-directed actions: Evidence by mu and beta oscillations in sensorimotor cortex

Schneider

Rösner

Klatt

et al. 2019

Preprint

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What mechanisms are at work when transferring a visual representation in working memory into a higher-level code for guiding future actions? We investigated the underlying attentional and motor selection processes in working memory by means of oscillatory EEG parameters. Participants stored two, three or four objects in working memory and subsequent retroactive cues indicated one or two items as task-relevant. The oscillatory response in mu (10-14 Hz) and beta (15-25 Hz) frequencies with an estimated source in sensorimotor cortex contralateral to response side was used as a correlate of motor planning. There was a stronger suppression of oscillatory power when only one item was cued. Importantly, this effect appeared although the required response could not be anticipated at this point in time. This suggests that working memory can store multiple item-specific motor plans and the selection of a stored visual item leads to an automatic updating of associated response alternatives.

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On the fate of non-cued mental representations in visuo-spatial working memory: Evidence by a retro-cuing paradigm

Cited by 40 publications

References 65 publications

Hemispheric asymmetries in posterior alpha power reflect the selection and inhibition of spatial context information in working memory

Hemispheric asymmetries in posterior alpha power reflect the selection and inhibition of spatial context information in working memory

In search of the focus of attention in working memory: 13 years of the retro-cue effect

The role of working memory for bridging the gap between perception and goal-directed actions: Evidence by mu and beta oscillations in sensorimotor cortex

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