On-the-Fly Topology-Morphing Control—Efficiency Optimization Method for <i>LLC</i> Resonant Converters Operating in Wide Input- and/or Output-Voltage Range

Jovanovic, M.M.; Irving, B.T.

doi:10.1109/tpel.2015.2440099

Cited by 166 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These features perfectly match the requirements of the EV battery charger applications. [32][33][34] For this study, two input and output LLC resonant converter was designed, which is shown in Figure 11. The first input is the output of the grid-connected AC/DC bridgeless rectifier, and the second input is the output of the PV supply.…”

Section: Llc Resonant Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DC-DC converter's switching method and the state of the circuit elements are detailed in Table 3. [32][33][34] In order to analyze the proposed LLC resonant converter and to determine the circuit elements, AC analysis of the circuit has been performed, which is shown in Figure 12.…”

Section: Operation Principle and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…primary resonant frequency, L m represents the magnetizing inductance, L r is the resonant inductance. [32][33][34] The operation area of the resonant converter with variable frequency and the gain curves according to the variables k and Q are shown in Figure 13.…”

Section: Operation Principle and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving a battery charger architecture for electric vehicles with photovoltaic system

2020

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Summary In this study, a two‐stage battery charger architecture with high‐efficiency, multi‐input, and output half‐bridge LLC (HBLLC) resonance converter that performs a wide load range is proposed. The first input of the HBLLC is provided by the photovoltaic (PV) panel assembly on the vehicle. A high efficiency and fast maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm has been developed for the PV panel to operate at the maximum power point. The other input is supplied by a grid‐connected AC‐DC bridgeless power factor correction (PFC) converter, which is controlled with the average current mode (ACM) control method. The most important feature that distinguishes the designed topology from previous studies is that it charges the low‐voltage battery through the PV panel. In previous studies, the low‐voltage battery was being charged via the high‐voltage battery. This allowed the high‐voltage battery to transfer power to the low‐voltage battery even when it was not charged. However, in the proposed architecture, the low‐voltage battery is fed by a PV panel. This condition allows the electric vehicle to take more miles with a single charge process. Furthermore, the proposed architecture reduces energy costs in the long term by providing some of the energy demanded from the grid. In addition, the proposed integrated battery charging circuit is intended to reduce the cost of additional cables. The system is designed as 3.1 kW power and operated under no load to full load. As for the performance of the proposed architecture, the peak efficiency of the LLC resonant converter is 95.3%. In addition, peak efficiency of the AC‐DC bridgeless PFC converter is 97.3%, while the power factor is higher than 0.99, input current total harmonic distortion (THD) is less than 5%, MPPT method accuracy is higher than 99%, and output voltage ripples (ΔV) is less than 1 V.

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Section: Llc Resonant Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Operation Principle and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving a battery charger architecture for electric vehicles with photovoltaic system

2020

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“…Aiming to broaden the voltage range, to reduce magnetic components, to balance the load current, and to improve the efficiency [18][19][20][21][22][23][24], these derivatives modify the topology of conventional LLC circuits. Usually by adding extra components such as power switching devices and passive devices, outstanding resonant characteristics can be realized, and some problems of the traditional LLC have also been solved to a certain degree.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Two Multi-Element Resonant DC-DC Topologies with Loss Distribution Analyses

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In this paper, two multi-element resonant DC-DC converters are analyzed in detail. Since their resonant tanks have multiple resonant components, the converters display different resonant characteristics within different operating frequency ranges. Through appropriate design, both of the two proposed converters successfully lower the conversion losses and, meanwhile, broaden the voltage gain ranges as well: one converter is able to take full usage of the third order harmonic to deliver the active power, and thus the effective utilization rate of the resonant current is elevated; while the another minimizes the entire switching losses for power switching devices by restricting the input impedance angle of the resonant tank. Besides, the loss distribution is analyzed for the purpose of guiding the component design. In the end, two 500 W prototypes are fabricated to test the theoretical analyses. The results demonstrate that the two proposed converters can achieve wide voltage gain with the small frequency deviation, which noticeably contributes to highly efficient conversion. Their peak efficiencies are measured as 95.4% and 95.3%, respectively.

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“…The third solution is using single stage hybrid resonant circuit topology [12][13][14] as shown in Figure 1c. The wide voltage range resonant converter with full-bridge circuit (S 1~S4 are operation) or half-bridge (S 1 , S 2 and S 3 are operation) circuit topology used on the primary side [13,14] has been proposed to extend the input voltage range. The main advantage of the full-bridge and half-bridge resonant converter on the primary side is the wide input voltage range (v in,max = 4 v in,min ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Resonant Converter with Voltage-Doubler Rectifier or Full-Bridge Rectifier for Wide-Output Voltage and High-Power Applications

Lin

Jian³

2018

Electronics

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This paper presents a resonant converter with the benefits of wide output voltage, wide soft switching characteristics for power devices and high circuit efficiency. Since the series resonant circuit is adopted on the primary side, the power switches are turned on under zero voltage switching and power diodes on the secondary side can be turned off under zero current switching. To overcome the drawback of narrow voltage operation range in the conventional resonant converter, full-bridge rectifier and voltage-doubler rectifier topologies are employed on the secondary side for low-voltage output and high-voltage output applications. Therefore, the voltage rating of power devices on the secondary side is clamped at output voltage, rather than two times output voltage, in the center-tapped rectifier circuit. Synchronous power switches are used on the secondary side to further reduce the conduction losses so that the circuit efficiency can be further improved. To verify the theoretical analysis and circuit performance, a laboratory prototype with 1 kW rated power was built and tested.2 of 16 needed for EV and HEV applications or outdoor LED lighting systems with variable series or parallel combinations of LED strings. There are several solutions to overcome the challenges of wide input or output voltage range operation. First, the conventional full-bridge converter, as shown in Figure 1a, with wide duty cycle control can be adopted to achieve wide voltage operation. If the maximum duty cycle is four times the minimum duty cycle (d max = 4 d min ), then the output voltage of full-bridge converter is controlled at the constant value for 4:1 input voltage range (v max = 4 v min ). However, wide duty cycle operation will result in low circuit efficiency in cases of high input voltage and low duty cycle. The second solution to achieve wide voltage operation is using two-stage dc-dc converters, as shown in Figure 1b, such as buck or boost circuit and full-bridge circuit. Since two-stage circuits are used, the circuit efficiency is decreased and the circuit reliability is also reduced. The third solution is using single stage hybrid resonant circuit topology [12][13][14] as shown in Figure 1c. The wide voltage range resonant converter with full-bridge circuit (S 1~S4 are operation) or half-bridge (S 1 , S 2 and S 3 are operation) circuit topology used on the primary side [13,14] has been proposed to extend the input voltage range. The main advantage of the full-bridge and half-bridge resonant converter on the primary side is the wide input voltage range (v in,max = 4 v in,min ). However, there is a transient duration between the half-bridge resonant converter and the full-bridge resonant converter operation, and one power switch S 3 is always in the on-state under half-bridge resonant circuit, which will result in one more conduction loss on a powered device. The secondary side of the circuit topologies in Figure 1 is the center-tapped rectified circuit with two diodes to obtain low voltage output. If a wide output voltage i...

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On-the-Fly Topology-Morphing Control—Efficiency Optimization Method for LLC Resonant Converters Operating in Wide Input- and/or Output-Voltage Range

Cited by 166 publications

References 15 publications

Improving a battery charger architecture for electric vehicles with photovoltaic system

Improving a battery charger architecture for electric vehicles with photovoltaic system

A Study of Two Multi-Element Resonant DC-DC Topologies with Loss Distribution Analyses

Resonant Converter with Voltage-Doubler Rectifier or Full-Bridge Rectifier for Wide-Output Voltage and High-Power Applications

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