“…Nevertheless, higher primary production levels stimulated by fertilization and reduced water flowthrough resulted in a greater abundance of natural food resources and provided more support for growth, especially of the filter-feeder fish species such as silver carp, bighead carp and tilapia. Also, grass carp under the modified pond management system showed a higher growth rate than under the traditional system, indicating a better feed base of natural food due to lower stocking densities (Sinha and Gupta 1975) and consumption of pelleted supplemental feed which was intended to feed common carp. All stocked species under the semi-intensive pond management system, such as the common carp, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp and tilapia, showed significantly higher specific growth rates (in %), of 2.6 AE 0.2, 2.4 AE 0.3, 2.5 AE 0.1, 2.9 AE 0.2, and 3.4 AE 0.6 respectively, and when compared to those under the traditional management system, which were 1.8 AE 0.1, 1.9 AE 0.7, 1.7 AE 0.0, 2.0 AE 0.0, and 2.5 AE 0.4 respectively (Pucher et al 2010b).…”