Monitoring of the effectiveness of the public control system in the Russian Federation. The work analyzes the role and place of this institution of civil society in the system of its other institutions. The role and importance of the institution of public control is substantiated as a key legal guarantee of the implementation, protection and defense of both the constitutional principles of democracy and the participation of Russian citizens in the management of state affairs, as well as the entire system of human and civil rights and freedoms, the rights and legitimate interests of public associations and other non-state non-profit organizations. The author's classification of subjects of public control is carried out. The importance of these subjects achieving a high level of efficiency of their organization and activities is substantiated. It is noted that the dynamics of changes in the level of efficiency of functioning of subjects of public control should be constantly monitored both by public authorities, which are responsible for organizing budgetary financing of the activities of subjects of public control, and by higher-level varieties of these subjects. The article discusses the main features of monitoring the effectiveness of the public control system in Russia, and the author’s definition of it is formulated and justified. The analysis and formalization of the main indicators of the monitoring system of the effectiveness of the public control system in the Russian Federation is carried out. The authors formalized and investigated the main problems that hinder the organization and functioning of the system for monitoring the effectiveness of the public control system in the Russian Federation. The work has developed and justified a system of measures to resolve these problems in order to ensure the preservation and development of the institution of public control in Russia.