On the Influence of Released Latent Heat on Cyclone Development

Danard, Maurice B.

doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1964)003<0027:otiorl>2.0.co;2

Cited by 80 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Danard (1964), for example, has shown that the release of latent heat amplifies the upward motion and thereby increases the low-level convergence. As a result, the sea-level ( or 1000-mb) system tends to intensify and ihove with the center of heaviest precipitation.…”

Section: B Physical Plausibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These changes resulted in deepening of the lowlevel cyclone and acceleration of the rate of movement. Danard (1964Danard ( , 1966) demonstrated the release of latent heat could contribute significantly to the rate of generation of kinetic energy. Furthermore, Danard showed that the positive contribution of heating to generation of available potential energy is normally greater than the negative effect arising from the enhanced vertical motion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Role of Cumulus Convection in the Development of Extratropical Cyclones

Tracton¹

1973

Mon. Wea. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: B Physical Plausibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Cumulus Convection in the Development of Extratropical Cyclones

Tracton¹

1973

Mon. Wea. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…A great number of theoretical studies and case-studies have speci cally investigated the effects of diabatic processes on baroclinic dynamics (e.g. Danard 1964;Tracton 1973;Gyakum 1983a,b;Emanuel et al 1987;Kuo et al 1991a,b;Davis and Emanuel 1991;Reed et al 1993;Stoelinga 1996), and it is generally agreed that release of latent heat is the most important such process, particularly in the most severe maritime cyclones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics of a midlatitude cyclone with very strong latent‐heat release

Ahmadi-Givi

Graig

Plant

2004

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

125

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe role of latent-heat release in an explosively developing cyclone from the Fronts and Atlantic Storm-Track Experiment is examined within the potential vorticity (PV) framework. Using conventional synoptic analysis, piecewise PV inversion and numerical simulations, the development is described in terms of an upper-level PV (UPV) anomaly, a surface potential-temperature anomaly and diabatically generated PV anomalies in the lower and upper troposphere. The relative contributions of each anomaly to the cyclogenesis are investigated, along with the interactions between anomalies.In contrast to previous case-studies, the results of PV inversion and sensitivity tests reveal that the contribution from the surface thermal anomaly is much weaker than those associated with the upper-level and diabatically generated PV anomalies. A low-level PV (LPV) anomaly is generated rapidly in response to the UPV anomaly, and dominates the intensi cation of the system, but its associated circulation has only a modest feedback effect on the upper levels. However, diabatic reduction of PV in the upper troposphere is found to have important effects on the UPV anomaly. In particular, latent heating tends to destroy the UPV anomaly by inhibiting its downward penetration and reducing its horizontal extent.

show abstract

“…Latent heat release has been shown to play an important role in the evolution of extratropical cyclones, particularly if it occurs near the center of lowest pressure (e.g., Danard 1964;Tracton 1973;Bosart 1981), although the scale involved is normally larger than that with this system. In this ''dry'' run, the mesolow intensity at 1800 UTC and 2100 UTC, as measured by the sea level pressure, was at least 1 mb weaker than in the run with full physics (adjusting for a small positive tendency in pressure over the whole domain).…”

Section: Discussion Of Forcing Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Intense Small-Scale Wintertime Vortex in the Midwest United States

Gallus¹,

Bresch²

1997

Mon. Wea. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An intense small-scale low pressure system that moved across portions of the midwest United States is examined. The system produced a continuous band of significant snowfall, typically only 50 km wide but extending over 1500 km in length. The system traveled across the Iowa Department of Transportation surface mesonetwork, allowing high-resolution surface analyses that show a closed circulation and intense pressure gradients around the mesolow, comparable to those occurring in warm season MCS events. Radar and satellite images also revealed the small-scale low-level circulation. which apparently was confined below about 800 mb. Although the strong vorticity advection aloft and baroclinicity at lower levels present in this system are typical of baroclinic cyclones, the unusually small scale and short lifetime of the surface system are more reminiscent of polar lows. Mesoscale simulations of the system using the Pennsylvania State UniversityNational Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model Version 5 with 20-km horizontal grid spacing and initialized with standard synoptic-scale data were unable to capture the closed circulation and significantly underestimated the strength of the mesolow. The inclusion of mesonet surface data in an initialization significantly improved the initial pressure field but did not significantly change the simulation. The simulation was also not strongly sensitive to variations in horizontal and vertical resolution, surface characteristics, convective parameterizations, and the use of nudging toward observations. However, an adjustment of upper-level fields to support the surface mesoscale low did result in a significantly improved simulation of the event, apparently due to better simulation of forcing from warm advection in low levels. A simulation neglecting latent heating produced a surface low that was at least 1 mb weaker than the full-physics run and had much weaker and disorganized upward vertical motion. The mesoscale low was apparently the result of upper-tropospheric forcing, which eliminated a small region, permitting precipitating convection and latent heat release. ABSTRACTAn intense small-scale low pressure system that moved across portions of the midwest United States is examined. The system produced a continuous band of significant snowfall, typically only 50 km wide but extending over 1500 km in length. The system traveled across the Iowa Department of Transportation surface mesonetwork, allowing high-resolution surface analyses that show a closed circulation and intense pressure gradients around the mesolow, comparable to those occurring in warm season MCS events. Radar and satellite images also revealed the small-scale low-level circulation, which apparently was confined below about 800 mb. Although the strong vorticity advection aloft and baroclinicity at lower levels present in this system are typical of baroclinic cyclones, the unusually small scale and short lifetime of the surface system are more reminiscent of polar lows.Mesoscale simulations of th...

show abstract

On the Influence of Released Latent Heat on Cyclone Development

Cited by 80 publications

References 0 publications

The Role of Cumulus Convection in the Development of Extratropical Cyclones

The Role of Cumulus Convection in the Development of Extratropical Cyclones

The dynamics of a midlatitude cyclone with very strong latent‐heat release

An Intense Small-Scale Wintertime Vortex in the Midwest United States

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About