On the linearization of Maxwell equations in the field of a weak gravitational wave

Baroni, L.; Fortini, P.; Gualdi, C.

doi:10.1016/0003-4916(85)90226-x

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This system is a set of differential equations with variable coefficients. In the approach of [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] the vector potential A µ is split into two parts:…”

Section: Solution Of the De Rahm Equations In Tt Gaugementioning

confidence: 99%

On the propagation of electromagnetic radiation in the field of a plane gravitational wave

Montanari

1998

Class. Quantum Grav.

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The propagation of free electromagnetic radiation in the field of a plane gravitational wave is investigated. A solution is found one order of approximation beyond the limit of geometrical optics in both transverse-traceless (TT) gauge and Fermi Normal Coordinate (FNC) system. The results are applied to the study of polarization perturbations. Two experimental schemes are investigated in order to verify the possibility to observe these perturbations, but it is found that the effects are exceedingly small. PACS number(s): 04.30.Nk,

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“…This system is a set of differential equations with variable coefficients. In the approach of [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] the vector potential A µ is split into two parts:…”

Section: Solution Of the De Rahm Equations In Tt Gaugementioning

confidence: 99%

On the propagation of electromagnetic radiation in the field of a plane gravitational wave

Montanari

1998

Class. Quantum Grav.

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“…x δϕ caused by gravitational waves cannot be obtained independently and simultaneously by solving Equations (25) and (26). The author of the paper admitted that "we solve these equations in a special orientation which does not correspond to an actual interferometer arm" [9]. So the paper introduced "a fictitious system which is composed of an electromagnetic wave propagating along the z axis, …is perturbed by a gravitational wave moves along the y-axis."…”

Section: The Problems Existing In the Third Methods To Calculate Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The principle of detecting gravitational wave by using Michelson interferometers was first proposed by M. E. Gertenshtein and V. I. Pustoit in early 1960s [8] and G. E. Moss, etc. in 1970s [9]. However, before Einstein put forward special relativity, A.…”

Section: Comparison Between Ligo Experiments and Michelson-morley Expementioning

confidence: 99%

LIGO Experiments Cannot Detect Gravitational Waves by Using Laser Michelson Interferometers—Light’s Wavelength and Speed Change Simultaneously When Gravitational Waves Exist Which Make the Detections of Gravitational Waves Impossible for LIGO Experiments

Xiaochun¹,

Huang²,

Ulianov³

et al. 2016

JMP

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It is proved strictly based on general relativity that two important factors are neglected in LIGO experiments by using Michelson interferometers so that fatal mistakes were caused. One is that the gravitational wave changes the wavelength of light. Another is that light's speed is not a constant when gravitational waves exist. According to general relativity, gravitational wave affects spatial distance, so it also affects the wavelength of light synchronously. By considering this fact, the phase differences of lasers were invariable when gravitational waves passed through Michelson interferometers. In addition, when gravitational waves exist, the spatial part of metric changes but the time part of metric is unchanged. In this way, light's speed is not a constant. When the calculation method of time difference is used in LIGO experiments, the phase shift of interference fringes is still zero. So the design principle of LIGO experiment is wrong. It was impossible for LIGO to detect gravitational wave by using Michelson interferometers. Because light's speed is not a constant, the signals of LIGO experiments become mismatching. It means that these signals are noises actually, caused by occasional reasons, no gravitational waves are detected really. In fact, in the history of physics, Michelson and Morley tried to find the absolute motion of the earth by using Michelson interferometers but failed at last. The basic principle of LIGO experiment is the same as that of Michelson-Morley experiment in which the phases of lights were invariable. Only zero result can be obtained, so LIGO experiments are destined failed to find gravitational waves.

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“…above a kHz, range [4][5][6][7]. To interpret the results of such experiments, one has to model the influence of the passing GWs on the magnetic and electric fields of the detector, which can be done by considering Maxwell equations in the GW background [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. These equations are obtained from the well-known formulation of classical electrodynamics in curved spacetime [17] by A.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational Wave Electrodynamics

Sokolov¹

2022

Preprint

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We derive Maxwell equations for electric and magnetic fields in curved spacetime from first principles. We show that the latter system enjoys an SO(2) duality symmetry, contrary to the results of previous works. We find that in a detector with static background magnetic or electric field, the weak gravity effects are analogous to the effects from a medium composed of both electrically and magnetically charged particles. We show that generation of electromagnetic radiation by gravitational waves in an external magnetic field is four times more efficient than previously believed. We discuss differences between axion and gravitational wave electrodynamics.

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On the linearization of Maxwell equations in the field of a weak gravitational wave

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

On the propagation of electromagnetic radiation in the field of a plane gravitational wave

On the propagation of electromagnetic radiation in the field of a plane gravitational wave

LIGO Experiments Cannot Detect Gravitational Waves by Using Laser Michelson Interferometers—Light’s Wavelength and Speed Change Simultaneously When Gravitational Waves Exist Which Make the Detections of Gravitational Waves Impossible for LIGO Experiments

Gravitational Wave Electrodynamics

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