On the Neural Correlates of Object Recognition Awareness: Relationship to Computational Activities and Activities Mediating Perceptual Awareness

Sewards, Terence V.; Sewards, Mark A.

doi:10.1006/ccog.2001.0518

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 163 publications

(199 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, in our study, performance on the Benton visual form discrimination was correlated with hippocampal volume. These findings are consistent with preclinical data that demonstrate an important role of the hippocampus in regulating visuospatial processing (for review see Sewards & Sewards, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Attention, learning, and memory in posttraumatic stress disorder

Neylan

Lenoci

Rothlind

et al. 2004

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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This study compared attention and declarative memory in a sample of combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD, n = 24) previously reported to have reduced concentrations of the hippocampal neuronal marker N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), but similar hippocampal volume compared to veteran normal comparison participants (n = 23). Healthy, well-educated males with combatrelated PTSD without current depression or recent alcohol/drug abuse did not perform differently on tests of attention, learning, and memory compared to normal comparison participants. Further, hippocampal volume, NAA, or NAA/Creatine ratios did not significantly correlate with any of the cognitive measures when adjustments for multiple comparisons were made. In this study, reduced hippocampal NAA did not appear to be associated with impaired declarative memory. Keywordsposttraumatic stress disorder; memory; hippocampus; alcoholism; N-acetyl aspartate Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often describe difficulties with concentration, attention, and memory. Poorer performance on tests of attention, declarative memory, and other cognitive domains attributable to PTSD status have been found in many but not all studies (e.g. Crowell, Kieffer, Siders, & Vanderploeg, 2002). Decreased performance on neurocognitive tasks may be of particular relevance to PTSD because multiple studies have documented decreases in hippocampal volume (Bremner et al., 1997;Bremner, Randall, Scott, Bronen, et al., 1995;Gilbertson et al., 2002;Gurvits et al., 1996;Stein, Koverola, Hanna, Torchia, & McClarty, 1997;Villarreal et al., 2002) and decreased reduced concentrations of the neuronal marker N-acetyl aspartate (NAA; Freeman, Cardwell, Karson, & Komoroski, 1998;Schuff et al., 2001). Hippocampal atrophy in PTSD was associated with decreased function in explicit memory in a sample of combat veterans (Bremner, Randall, Scott, Bronen, et al., 1995), though not in women with history of childhood sexual assault (Stein et al., 1997).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Attention, learning, and memory in posttraumatic stress disorder

Neylan

Lenoci

Rothlind

et al. 2004

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…Some of these activations were unexpected, including the bilateral involvement of the temporopolar cortex and amygdala in object encoding compared to position encoding. However, previous studies have suggested a role for the temporopolar cortex in visual recognition (Nakamura and Kubota, 1995), semantic memory (Davies et al, 2004), and recognition awareness (Sewards and Sewards, 2002); and for the amygdala in emotional learning (e.g., Leppanen and Nelson, 2006;Rosen and Donley, 2006), and novelty processing (Fried et al, 2002;Moses et al, 2002). The present results suggest that these structures may be more strongly engaged by object encoding that position encoding.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Regional activation of the human medial temporal lobe during intentional encoding of objects and positions

et al. 2009

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“…Deficits in the superior temporal gyrus have been associated with a wide array of symptoms including auditory hallucinations and errors in facial emotion perception . The middle and inferior temporal gyri are involved in high‐order visual processing . The inferior temporal gyrus includes the fusiform gyrus, a specialized region responsible for face recognition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%