On the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products

Prandini, Aldo; Tansini, Gino; Sigolo, Samantha; Filippi, Laura; Laporta, M.; Piva, G.

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2007.10.005

Cited by 410 publications

(299 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Santili (2010) extracted and purified raw milk samples by immunoaffinity columns and quantified aflatoxin M 1 by HPLC-FD, finding it in 49% of the 429 samples collected in São Paulo (SP, Brazil), with 0.7% being above the maximum limit allowed in Brazil. Picinin et al (2013) It is known that aflatoxins are heat treatment stable (Assem et al, 2011;Prandini et al, 2009;Shundo et al, 2009). Studies carried out in Brazil (Scaglioni et al, 2014) and other countries (Farah Nadira et al, 2017;Armorini et al, 2016;Bellio et al, 2016;Zheng et al, 2013;Kabak & Özbey, 2012) prove that even in pasteurized or ultrapasteurized milk, aflatoxin M 1 is found at levels often higher than the allowed maximum limit established by national regulations (Becker-Algeri et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of aflatoxin M1 in fresh milk from small farms

et al. 2017

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The objective of this work was to determine aflatoxin M 1 in fresh milk from fifty-two small farms in the city of Concórdia -SC, Brazil. Samples from the cooling tanks of each property were collected from November 2014 to January 2015. The QuEChERS method was used for the extraction of aflatoxin M 1 , and quantification was performed in UHPLC-FL. 40.4% of the analyzed samples (eg, 21 samples) showed contamination levels by aflatoxin M 1 above the maximum limit allowed by the Brazilian regulation, which is 0.5 μg L -1. These results suggest the importance of implementing Good Practices in obtaining feed for dairy cows, since the contamination of milk by aflatoxin M 1 occurs through the biotransformation of aflatoxin B 1 , after the ingestion of feed or silage contaminated by the animals, posing risk to the animals themselves, as well as to consumers of milk and dairy products. Keywords: aflatoxins; QuEChERS; UHPLC-FL.Practical Application: Contamination by aflatoxin M 1 of the evaluated fresh milk was high.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of aflatoxin M1 in fresh milk from small farms

et al. 2017

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“…It was reported that AFM1 levels in all yoghurt samples showed a significant decrease from those initially present in milk. This could be attributed to factors such as low pH, formation of organic acids or other fermentation by-products, and even to the presence of lactic acid bacteria [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aflatoxins are toxic compounds produced mainly as secondary metabolites by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus [2]. Aspergillus species are capable of growing on a diversity of substrates under a variety of environmental conditions mainly in tropical and subtropical climates thus aflatoxins occur as natural contaminants in many agricultural commodities [3] and can be produced during growth, harvesting and storage [4]. The most frequent aflatoxins are B1, B2, G1 and G2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxin M1 Contamination of Milk and Its Products in Bomet County, Kenya

Langat¹,

Tetsuhiro²,

Gonoi³

et al. 2016

AiM

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Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a major carcinogenic compound that may be found in milk and dairy products resulting from ingestion of aflatoxin B1 by dairy animals. The study aimed at determining the level of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products from Bomet County. A total of 185 samples (150 raw milk and 35 processed milk and milk products) were randomly collected from milk collection sites and randomly selected milk kiosks respectively. The AFM1 was analyzed using a commercial ELISA kit (Ridascreen, aflatoxin M1 R-Biopharm, Product code, R5812, Darmstadt, Germany). Out of 185 samples investigated, 156 samples were positive for AFM1, an overall contamination rate of 84.32%. The samples with levels higher than the tolerance limit of 0.05 μg/l recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO) limits were 43.8% mainly contributed by the raw milk compared to processed milk (52.0% versus 8.6%). Processed milk had insignificant level of contamination with aflatoxin M1 (Median 0.00 (IQR: 0.00, 0.00 μg/l) with a minimum of 0.00 μg/l and a maximum of 0.69 μg/l. Raw milk showed significant contamination, median 0.09 (IQR: 0.00, 0.50) μg/l with a minimum of 0.00 μg/l and a maximum of 2.93 μg/l. Although there was no significant differences in AFM1 levels with study sites (P = 0.217); the median levels of aflatoxin M1 was high in sites 1, 3, and 7. The sites that had median aflatoxin M1 levels below the WHO/FAO acceptable limits of 0.05 μg/l were sites 2, 4 and 6. Due to high incidence of AFM1 contamination of milk and milk samples in Bomet County, there is need for regular monitoring and regulation of AFM1 contamination in milk and its products in the County. G. Langat et al.

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“…In warm and moist countries, aflatoxins are among the main representatives. Aflatoxin B 1 (AFB1) is a potent carcinogen and can be metabolized in vivo to AFM1 which, in turn, can be found in milk and other animal products (Prandini et al 2009). Zearalenone (ZON) is a frequently occurring mycoestrogen produced by several Fusarium species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%