On the occurrence of α-acetolactate decarboxylases among microorganisms

Abstract

The ability to generate r decarboxylase activity has been detected among bacteria but not among members of any other group of microorganisms. Among bacteria found to produce an :t-acetolactate decarboxylase several, such as strains of Bacillus and Lactobacillus, are potential sources of decarboxylases which may be applied in brewing.

Purification of α-acetolactate decarboxylase from Lactobacillus casei DSM 2547

“…However, the practical use of this procedure is complicated by a limited stability of the Aerobacter ct-acetolactate decarboxylase at the pH of beer (7). A search for an enzyme with higher stability in the acid pH region led, among others (7,8,10), to an a-acetolactate decarboxylase in a strain of Lactobacillus casei which met this criteria (8,9). This enzyme removed as expected all ct-acetolactate from freshly fermented beer within 48 hrs.…”

“…Enzymes with the ability to decarboxylate ct-acetolactate are widely found amoung bacterial strains but not in other groups of microorganisms (7,8,10). The only ct-acetolactate decarbo~ylase (EC 4.1.1.5.)…”

Cloning of aldB, which encodes alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase, an exoenzyme from Bacillus brevis

“…Godtfredsen et al, however, find the natural function of ALDC a matter of speculation (10) In 1972, Collins (3) suggested that the presence of ALDC may cause auxotrophy for valine and panthotenic acid as a (17) and aldB of B. brevis (this work). Eighty-five identical amino acids are marked (*).…”

Application of the acetolactate decarboxylase from Lactobacillus casei for accelerated maturation of beer

“…Among the various bacterial species found to generate acetolactate decarboxylase activity (6) some are, a priori, quite promising sources of decarboxylases for application in industrial brewing. Species of Bacillus licheniformis found to generate the decarboxylase are thus widely applied for production of various food-grade enzymes and a large number of lactic acid Abbreviations: DSM = Deutsche Sammlung von Microorganismen, EBC = European Brewery Convention.…”